CONTROL OF WATER BY INTELLIGENCE 215 



ized intelligence (chiefly human) constituting the psychosphere ; and the 

 function is and must be exercised primarily through the ontospherc: 

 Here the psychosphere and hydrosphere touch and interact, and here 

 telesis arises; and Avhile in assuming control of the terrestrial 11,0 men 

 began as mere organisms, they have advanced through successive stages 

 by means of the collective action attending social and industrial develop- 

 ment toward the end of complete control through a perfected hydro n- 

 omy — an end not yet attained on any part of the planet, although coming 

 definitely into view through scientific prevision. The stages of advance 

 fall into a natural order, which is at once logical and historical : 



V8E OF THE CORPUS 



The initial stage in utilization is that of water-supply first for organic 

 and later for industrial needs, both tending toward increased control of 

 the natural HgO : The earliest uses were for individuals and families, fol- 

 lowed by uses for stock and agriculture and tlien for manufacturing; of 

 late, uses for communities and cities have arisen, and state and national 

 uses are in prospect. The basis of the stage is the substance or corpus 

 of the surface and ground water, which was first drawn in common from 

 chance sources, and hence came to be regarded as a prime necessary of 

 life and not an object of propertj'^; and when wells were made and springs 

 improved the proprietary right was frequently deemed to inhere solely in 

 tlie appurtenances, either including or not including the circumjacent 

 land. With growing population, certain sources were gradually brought 

 under protection and the water was clarified and purified with a view of 

 preserving the health of communities (for HoO is the foremost human 

 and stock food, forming fully four-fifths of the normal dietary and con- 

 stituting a corresponding proportion of the normal body) ; and in popu- 

 lous communities both the sources and the water have become the objects 

 of inchoate or established proprietary right, the title usually vesting in 

 the municipal or other community ; for in this, as in many other respects, 

 states and nations lag behind individuals and communities in recognizing 

 fundamental interests. 



The average adult ingests about five pounds of water daily ; the averag-3 

 daily consumption for all purposes in cities ranges from 10 to 200 gallons 

 per capita, generally increasing with the size of city and appreciation of 

 hygiene ; the 1,500,000,000 inhabitants of the world probably use a cubic 

 foot (some 8 gallons) apiece daily for necessary purposes, or an aggregate 

 of about 550,000,000,000 cubic feet (3.73 cubic miles) annuall}', or about 

 1/364 of the mean annual rainfall (200,000,000,000,000 cubic feet) on 



