BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 

 Vol. 19, pp. 471-500, pls, 31-32. December 3, i908 



SHORELINE STUDIES ON LAKES ONTAEIO AND ERIE ^ 



BY ALFEED W. G. WILSON 



(Read before the Society Deceinher 31, 1907) 



CONTENTS 



Page 



General character of the basins of both hakes 472 



Topography of the basins — complex 472 



Initial character of the shorelines 472 



Features of the present shores 473 



Lake Ontario 473 



Shore-cliffs 473 



Bay-bars and spits at the east end of the lake 473 



Barrier beaches 475 



Special features 475 



Presque Isle tombolo 475 



Toronto island 475 



Sand dunes at local points 478 



Lake Erie 479 



General character of the Lake Erie shore 479 



Special features 481 



Long point 481 



Point aux Pines, or Rondeau 482 



Point Pelee 484 



Presque Isle point, or Erie harbor 48(3 



Sand dunes 488 



Geologic process on the shores 489 



Movements of the lake waters 489 



The several forms of movement 489 



The seiche 489 



Currents 489 



Waves 493 



Interrelations, waves, and currents 493 



Transportation during storms by wave-generated longshore currents. 



The supply of materials 493 



Character of the materials 494 



The materials in general 494 



Bedrock 494 



Glacial materials — till, interglacial sands, and gravels 495 



Lacustrine materials — secondary 495 



Source of the shore debris 495 



''■ Manuscript received by the Secretary of the Society April 8, 1908. 



XLIV— Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 19, 1907 (471) 



