﻿GRAVEL 
  BEDS 
  OF 
  ABERDEENSHIRE. 
  

  

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  In 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  cliffs 
  about 
  half 
  

   a 
  mile 
  to 
  the 
  north 
  of 
  Collieston 
  

   this 
  grey 
  stuff 
  seems 
  to 
  thin 
  out 
  ; 
  

   and 
  the 
  lowermost 
  bed 
  next 
  the 
  

   rock 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  loose 
  

   pebbly 
  gravel 
  and 
  sand, 
  exactly 
  the 
  

   same 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Sippet 
  Hills, 
  

   with 
  abundance 
  of 
  limestone 
  debris 
  

   and 
  frequent 
  crumbs 
  of 
  shells. 
  

   This 
  coarse 
  pebbly 
  gravel 
  is 
  seldom 
  

   more 
  than 
  5 
  feet 
  deep 
  (but 
  in 
  one 
  

   section 
  there 
  are 
  16 
  feet 
  of 
  it) 
  ; 
  

   and 
  it 
  passes 
  up 
  into 
  a 
  thick 
  mass 
  

   of 
  fine 
  brownish 
  sand, 
  with 
  occa- 
  

   sional 
  streaks 
  of 
  gravel. 
  This 
  sand 
  

   and 
  gravel 
  (c) 
  form 
  a 
  large 
  part 
  of 
  

   the 
  sea-banks 
  along 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  

   Slains 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  some 
  few 
  places 
  they 
  

   lie, 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  said, 
  upon 
  the 
  sur- 
  

   face 
  of 
  the 
  gneiss 
  rock, 
  without 
  the 
  

   intervention 
  of 
  any 
  noticeable 
  bed 
  

   of 
  other 
  stuff 
  between 
  them 
  ; 
  but 
  

   as 
  a 
  rule 
  they 
  repose 
  upon 
  the 
  top 
  

   of 
  some 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  grey 
  

   rubbish 
  I 
  have 
  just 
  described. 
  The 
  

   thickness 
  of 
  the 
  sand 
  and 
  gravel 
  

   is 
  often 
  very 
  great, 
  from 
  40 
  to 
  60 
  

   feet 
  being 
  not 
  uncommon 
  between 
  

   Collieston 
  and 
  Clochtow. 
  Occa- 
  

   sionally 
  the 
  whole 
  mass 
  is 
  com- 
  

   posed 
  of 
  fine, 
  soft, 
  brownish 
  sand, 
  

   without 
  stones 
  of 
  any 
  kind 
  ; 
  and 
  

   in 
  these 
  cases 
  no 
  shells 
  are 
  met 
  

   with, 
  or 
  only 
  some 
  very 
  fine 
  shelly 
  

   dust. 
  Generally 
  there 
  are 
  some 
  

   streaks 
  and 
  seams 
  of 
  reddish 
  sandy 
  

   clay 
  or 
  silt 
  interstratified 
  with 
  the 
  

   brownish 
  sand, 
  especially 
  towards 
  

   the 
  top; 
  and 
  the 
  sand 
  in 
  these 
  

   places 
  is 
  often 
  tinged 
  with 
  red. 
  In 
  

   other 
  places 
  the 
  sand 
  is 
  varied 
  with 
  

   seams 
  and 
  irregular 
  undulating 
  

   beds 
  of 
  pebbly 
  gravel 
  or 
  coarse 
  

   sand 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  these 
  we 
  generally 
  

   find 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  limestone 
  debris 
  

   and 
  crumbs 
  of 
  shells. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  not 
  observed 
  any 
  large 
  

   boulders 
  imbedded 
  in 
  this 
  deep 
  mass 
  

   of 
  sand 
  and 
  gravel, 
  which 
  extends 
  

   along 
  the 
  coast 
  all 
  the 
  way 
  from 
  

  

  a. 
  J. 
  GL 
  S. 
  No. 
  150. 
  

  

  