﻿250 
  BINNEY 
  AND 
  KIKKBY 
  ON 
  THE 
  UPPEK 
  BEDS 
  

  

  furrowed. 
  Seaward, 
  where 
  it 
  passes 
  into 
  a 
  calcareous 
  black-band 
  

   ironstone, 
  it 
  contains 
  the 
  following 
  fossils 
  * 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Leaia 
  Leidyi, 
  Lea. 
  

  

  Carbon 
  ia 
  fabulina, 
  Jones 
  8f 
  KirJcby. 
  

  

  Bankiniana, 
  J. 
  <$- 
  K. 
  

  

  secans, 
  J. 
  §• 
  K. 
  

  

  Spirorbis 
  carbonarius, 
  Murch. 
  

  

  Ganoid 
  scales 
  and 
  fragments 
  of 
  fish-bones. 
  

  

  Stigmarian 
  rootlets. 
  

  

  The 
  fireclay 
  under 
  the 
  coal 
  contains 
  many 
  rootlets 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  

   shale 
  No. 
  33, 
  overlying 
  the 
  lower 
  coal 
  and 
  thin 
  limestone, 
  there 
  

   occur 
  rootlets 
  which 
  differ 
  from 
  the 
  ordinary 
  Stigmarian 
  type 
  by 
  

   branching 
  or 
  forking 
  nearly 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  at 
  intervals 
  of 
  a 
  foot 
  or 
  

   so. 
  With 
  the 
  rootlets 
  are 
  rare 
  specimens 
  of 
  species 
  of 
  Nieuropteris, 
  

   Pecopteris, 
  and 
  Cyclopteris, 
  along 
  with 
  an 
  Antliracomya. 
  

  

  Towards 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  shale 
  No. 
  42 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  thin 
  band 
  of 
  

   reddle 
  composed 
  of 
  the 
  remains 
  of 
  the 
  Entomostracan 
  Carhonia 
  

   Bankiniana, 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  stray 
  Ganoid 
  scales 
  and 
  small 
  fish-spines. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  thin 
  parting 
  of 
  dark 
  shale 
  No. 
  45 
  (and 
  partly 
  imbedded 
  

   in 
  the 
  upper 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  calcareous 
  sandstone 
  beneath) 
  we 
  have 
  

   procured 
  the 
  species 
  enumerated 
  below, 
  most 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  (or 
  were) 
  

   comparatively 
  common. 
  

  

  Acanthodus 
  spines. 
  

  

  Ctenacanthus 
  hybodoides, 
  Egerton. 
  

  

  Ctenodus 
  sp., 
  operculum, 
  ribs, 
  sphenoid 
  and 
  other 
  bones. 
  

  

  Diplodus 
  gibbosus, 
  Ag. 
  

  

  Megalichthys 
  Hibberti, 
  Ag. 
  

  

  Palaeoniscus 
  sp., 
  scales 
  and 
  plates. 
  

  

  Coprolites. 
  

  

  Lepidodendron 
  aculeatum, 
  Sternb. 
  

  

  At 
  various 
  horizons 
  of 
  the 
  red 
  and 
  grey 
  shale 
  No. 
  47 
  occur 
  

   numerous 
  casts 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  Anthracomya, 
  possibly 
  A. 
  modiolaris, 
  or 
  

   near 
  it; 
  also 
  stray 
  specimens 
  of 
  small 
  Ganoid 
  scales 
  and 
  teeth, 
  

   Carlo 
  uia 
  Bankiniana, 
  and 
  species 
  of 
  Lepidodendron 
  and 
  Catamites. 
  

   Low 
  down 
  in 
  this 
  thick 
  shale 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  zone 
  of 
  plant-remains. 
  

   From 
  it 
  have 
  been 
  obtained 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Ganoid 
  scales. 
  

  

  Calamites 
  Suckovii, 
  Brongn. 
  

  

  Lepidodendron 
  sp. 
  

  

  Lepidophyllum 
  lanceolatum, 
  Lindl. 
  

  

  Neuropteris 
  auriculata, 
  Brongn. 
  

  

  Neuropteris 
  sp. 
  

  

  Trigonocarpon 
  olivaeforme, 
  Lindl. 
  

  

  It 
  has 
  already 
  been 
  mentioned 
  that 
  fragments 
  of 
  wood 
  and 
  spines 
  

   of 
  Acanthodus 
  are 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  calcareous 
  sandstone 
  

   No. 
  48 
  ; 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  other 
  bed, 
  at 
  Methil, 
  in 
  which 
  we 
  have 
  

   observed 
  fossils. 
  

  

  The 
  fossils 
  we 
  have 
  noticed 
  are, 
  with 
  few 
  exceptions, 
  badly 
  pre- 
  

   served, 
  and 
  not 
  such 
  as 
  easily 
  attract 
  attention, 
  though 
  very 
  abundant 
  

   in 
  places, 
  and 
  easily 
  enough 
  found 
  when 
  looked 
  for. 
  The 
  beds 
  con- 
  

  

  * 
  This 
  locality, 
  wbich 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  one 
  in 
  the 
  Coal-measures 
  where 
  we 
  have 
  

   found 
  Leaia 
  at 
  all 
  plentiful, 
  is 
  best 
  got 
  at 
  during 
  equinoctial 
  spring 
  tides 
  ; 
  at 
  

   other 
  times 
  the 
  rock 
  is 
  rarely 
  laid 
  bare 
  at 
  dead 
  low 
  water. 
  

  

  