﻿314 
  J. 
  E. 
  3Ii.BR 
  ON 
  THE 
  CAMBRIAN 
  AND 
  

  

  were 
  visited, 
  i. 
  e. 
  commencing 
  in 
  the 
  north-east, 
  and 
  proceeding 
  to- 
  

   wards 
  the 
  south- 
  west, 
  or 
  generally 
  from 
  shallow-water 
  formations 
  

   to 
  those 
  deposited 
  in 
  deeper 
  seas. 
  The 
  following 
  are 
  the 
  different 
  

   areas 
  examined 
  : 
  — 
  I. 
  Dalecarlia 
  ; 
  II. 
  Ostrogothia 
  and 
  Westrogothia 
  : 
  

   III. 
  Christiania 
  ; 
  IV. 
  Scania 
  ; 
  V. 
  Baltic 
  Islands. 
  

  

  I. 
  Dalecarlia 
  (Dalarne). 
  — 
  The 
  Cambrian 
  and 
  Silurian 
  rocks 
  of 
  

   this 
  province 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  Lake 
  Siljan 
  and 
  the 
  

   smaller 
  surrounding 
  lakes, 
  and 
  are 
  encircled 
  by 
  granites 
  and 
  

   gneissose 
  rocks. 
  These 
  beds 
  have 
  been 
  described 
  by 
  many 
  authors, 
  

   including 
  Sir 
  R. 
  I. 
  Murchison 
  (Q. 
  J. 
  G. 
  S. 
  vol. 
  iii. 
  p. 
  1) 
  ; 
  but 
  since 
  

   his 
  description, 
  the 
  fullest 
  details 
  have 
  been 
  worked 
  out, 
  notably, 
  by 
  

   Dr. 
  Sven 
  Tornqvist. 
  The 
  general 
  succession 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  is 
  given 
  by 
  

   him 
  (Ofv. 
  af 
  Kongl. 
  Yet.-Akad. 
  Forhandl. 
  1874, 
  jSTo. 
  4, 
  p. 
  38) 
  in 
  

   descending 
  order, 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Leptoena-limestone. 
  

   Upper 
  Graptolite-shales. 
  

   Trinucleus-shales. 
  

   Grey 
  limestone. 
  

   Cystidean 
  limestone. 
  

   Orthoceras-limestone. 
  

   Obolus-beds. 
  

  

  Below 
  the 
  latter 
  is 
  the 
  unfossiliferous 
  " 
  Slip-sandsten." 
  This 
  con- 
  

   sists 
  of 
  white, 
  brown, 
  and 
  pink 
  grits, 
  conglomeratic 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  and 
  

   deposited 
  upon 
  gneissose 
  and 
  other 
  rocks. 
  It 
  was 
  evidently 
  laid 
  

   down 
  in 
  shallow 
  water, 
  and 
  is 
  frequently 
  found 
  faulted 
  against 
  much 
  

   newer 
  beds. 
  

  

  Obolus-beds. 
  — 
  These 
  beds 
  are 
  divided 
  by 
  Tornqvist 
  into 
  a 
  lower 
  

   conglomerate 
  and 
  upper 
  limestone. 
  They 
  rest 
  unconformably 
  upon 
  

   older 
  rocks. 
  Both 
  conglomerate 
  and 
  limestone 
  contain 
  worn 
  valves 
  

   of 
  an 
  Oboloid 
  shell, 
  and 
  are 
  also 
  crowded 
  with 
  glauconitic 
  grains. 
  The 
  

   conglomerate, 
  as 
  stated 
  by 
  Tornqvist, 
  also 
  contains 
  phosphatic 
  

   nodules. 
  At 
  Vicarbyn, 
  on 
  Lake 
  Siljan, 
  the 
  conglomerate 
  rests 
  

   upon 
  granite, 
  and 
  contains 
  pebbles 
  about 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  a 
  pigeon's 
  egg, 
  

   both 
  matrix 
  and 
  pebbles 
  being 
  composed 
  of 
  granitic 
  materials. 
  The 
  

   Obolus-beds 
  are 
  well 
  seen 
  near 
  Boda, 
  in 
  some 
  old 
  lead-workings 
  on 
  

   the 
  hillside 
  a 
  few 
  hundred 
  yards 
  E. 
  of 
  the 
  church, 
  where 
  they 
  

   present 
  the 
  same 
  characters 
  as 
  at 
  Vicarbyn, 
  and 
  pass 
  up 
  into 
  the 
  

   Orthoceras-limestone. 
  

  

  Orthoceras-Limestoiie. 
  — 
  A 
  great 
  series 
  of 
  thin-bedded 
  limestones 
  

   divided 
  by 
  Tornqvist 
  (loc. 
  cit.) 
  into 
  five 
  groups: 
  — 
  Upper 
  grey 
  

   limestone, 
  upper 
  red 
  limestone, 
  lower 
  grey 
  limestone, 
  lower 
  red 
  

   limestone, 
  and 
  green 
  glauconitic 
  limestone. 
  The 
  last 
  named 
  is 
  well 
  

   seen 
  at 
  Vicarbyn, 
  where 
  it 
  contains 
  very 
  large 
  grains 
  of 
  glauconite. 
  

   Above 
  this 
  is 
  a 
  red 
  bed, 
  containing 
  a 
  few 
  glauconitic 
  grains 
  some- 
  

   what 
  decomposed 
  : 
  this 
  is 
  important 
  as 
  seeming 
  to 
  bear 
  out 
  the 
  

   supposition 
  of 
  Profs. 
  Seeley 
  and 
  Bonney 
  that 
  certain 
  red 
  rocks, 
  such 
  

   as 
  the 
  Hunstanton 
  Bed 
  Chalk, 
  owe 
  their 
  colour 
  to 
  the 
  peroxidation 
  of 
  

   glauconitic 
  grains. 
  At 
  Kargarde, 
  near 
  Orsa, 
  a 
  bed 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  

   grey 
  limestone 
  is 
  crowded 
  with 
  brown 
  oolitic 
  grains. 
  The 
  upper 
  

  

  