﻿OP 
  THE 
  WEDLOCK 
  SHALES. 
  391 
  

  

  of 
  an 
  inch, 
  and 
  with 
  a 
  transverse 
  diameter 
  of 
  about 
  ^ 
  of 
  an 
  inch. 
  

   Composed 
  of 
  grains 
  of 
  shelly 
  sand, 
  with 
  here 
  and 
  there 
  minute 
  

   grains 
  somewhat 
  larger 
  than 
  ordinary 
  ; 
  slightly 
  tapering 
  towards 
  

   the 
  base. 
  Orifice 
  circular, 
  with 
  a 
  rounded 
  lip, 
  thinning 
  outwardly, 
  

   and 
  of 
  rather 
  larger 
  dimensions 
  than 
  the 
  normal 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  tube. 
  

  

  Loc. 
  Tickwood 
  beds, 
  no. 
  25, 
  rare. 
  I 
  am 
  rather 
  doubtful 
  of 
  species 
  

   found 
  in 
  the 
  Buildwas 
  beds. 
  Type 
  specimen 
  from 
  no. 
  43, 
  Coal- 
  

   brookdale 
  beds. 
  

  

  13. 
  Psammosiphox 
  amplexus, 
  sp. 
  nov. 
  (Plate 
  XV. 
  fig. 
  8.) 
  

  

  Tubes 
  irregularly 
  clustered, 
  embracing, 
  forming 
  sandy 
  mounds, 
  

   varying 
  in 
  size 
  from 
  one 
  eighth 
  to 
  a 
  quarter 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  and 
  more 
  in 
  

   breadth 
  and 
  height. 
  Orifice 
  circular, 
  at 
  the 
  apex 
  of 
  small 
  papillae, 
  

   which, 
  in 
  the 
  most 
  perfect 
  state, 
  stand 
  out 
  from 
  the 
  general 
  mass 
  

   of 
  surrounding 
  material, 
  forming 
  the 
  distal 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  otherwise 
  

   enclosed 
  tube. 
  Adherent 
  by 
  a 
  flattened 
  base 
  to 
  shells, 
  stones, 
  and, 
  

   rarely, 
  corals. 
  

  

  Loc. 
  Tickwood 
  beds, 
  abundant 
  in 
  no. 
  42, 
  less 
  abundant 
  in 
  nos. 
  

   25 
  and 
  41. 
  

  

  Unlike 
  the 
  first 
  species, 
  which 
  is 
  to 
  some 
  extent 
  solitary, 
  this 
  

   species 
  is 
  remarkable 
  for 
  its 
  sociability. 
  Beginning 
  as 
  a 
  small, 
  

   scarcely 
  definable 
  tube 
  upon 
  a 
  fragment 
  of 
  stone 
  or 
  shell, 
  it 
  is 
  soon 
  

   followed 
  by 
  others, 
  till 
  a 
  series 
  are 
  clustered 
  together, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  form 
  

   groups 
  of 
  unknown 
  dimensions. 
  In 
  the 
  shale-washings 
  the 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  are 
  more 
  frequently 
  found 
  free 
  than 
  attached. 
  On 
  the 
  

   flattened 
  or 
  previously 
  adherent 
  side 
  the 
  exposed 
  tubes 
  are 
  seen, 
  

   varying 
  in 
  length 
  from 
  -^ 
  to 
  -gL 
  of 
  an 
  inch. 
  

  

  The 
  clayey 
  sand, 
  out 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  Annelid 
  builds 
  its 
  tube, 
  is 
  of 
  a 
  

   pale 
  yellow 
  colour 
  ; 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  rare 
  to 
  find 
  specimens 
  of 
  a 
  different 
  

   tint. 
  If 
  broken 
  up 
  and 
  examined 
  under 
  the 
  microscope, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  

   found 
  that 
  this 
  sand 
  is 
  formed 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  debris 
  of 
  shells 
  more 
  fre- 
  

   quently 
  than 
  out 
  of 
  other 
  debris 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  whole 
  is 
  cemented 
  to- 
  

   gether 
  apparently 
  by 
  a 
  chitinous 
  secretion 
  from 
  the 
  body. 
  I 
  cannot 
  

   detect 
  any 
  particular 
  structure 
  in 
  the 
  tiny 
  tubes 
  ; 
  internally 
  they 
  

   are 
  smooth 
  and 
  round 
  and 
  have 
  a 
  diameter 
  rather 
  less 
  than 
  the 
  

   orifice 
  of 
  the 
  tube 
  when 
  seen 
  externally. 
  

  

  With 
  our 
  present 
  incomplete 
  knowledge 
  of 
  these 
  fossil 
  organic 
  

   remains, 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  think 
  I 
  should 
  be 
  justified 
  in 
  an 
  endeavour 
  to 
  

   establish 
  more 
  species 
  of 
  Psammosiphon 
  than 
  the 
  two 
  of 
  which 
  

   details 
  are 
  given 
  above. 
  Independently 
  of 
  my 
  own 
  labours, 
  and 
  

   entirely 
  unknown 
  to 
  me 
  until 
  I 
  saw 
  the 
  slides 
  containing 
  the 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  for 
  naming, 
  Mr. 
  John 
  Young, 
  of 
  the 
  Hunteriau 
  Museum, 
  

   Glasgow, 
  discovered 
  P. 
  amplexus 
  also 
  in 
  his 
  "Wenlock 
  Shales 
  *. 
  I 
  

   have 
  also 
  had, 
  for 
  examination 
  and 
  naming, 
  the 
  slides 
  of 
  Mr. 
  J. 
  

   Smith, 
  of 
  Kilwinning, 
  procured 
  from 
  washings 
  from 
  the 
  shale-heaps 
  

   and 
  railway-cuttings 
  round 
  Benthal 
  Edge 
  and 
  Coalbrookdale 
  t. 
  

   Amongst 
  these 
  slides 
  there 
  were 
  specimens 
  of 
  Psammosiphon 
  elongatus 
  

  

  * 
  From 
  the 
  Tickwood 
  beds. 
  

  

  t 
  A 
  list 
  of 
  Entomostraca 
  from 
  these 
  washings 
  was 
  given 
  by 
  Prof. 
  Eupert 
  

   Jones 
  in 
  Geol. 
  Mag., 
  Feb. 
  1881. 
  

  

  2d2 
  

  

  