﻿412 
  R. 
  F. 
  TOMES 
  OS 
  LOWER-OOLITE 
  MADEEPOEAEIA. 
  

  

  those 
  which 
  do 
  occur. 
  In 
  fact 
  it 
  hardly 
  merits 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  reef, 
  

   being 
  in 
  some 
  localities 
  uncoralliferous, 
  while 
  in 
  others 
  the 
  corals 
  

   are 
  rare. 
  At 
  the 
  Horse 
  Pools, 
  Brookethorp, 
  near 
  Gloucester, 
  where 
  

   the 
  lower 
  reef 
  is 
  pretty 
  well 
  developed, 
  the 
  oolite 
  marl, 
  though 
  

   present, 
  and 
  also 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  poorly 
  developed, 
  is 
  not 
  coralliferous. 
  

   Near 
  Ravensgate 
  Hill, 
  in 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  Charlton 
  Kings, 
  

   there 
  is 
  an 
  exposure 
  of 
  oolite 
  marl 
  which 
  is, 
  too, 
  destitute 
  of 
  corals. 
  

   But 
  at 
  Leckhampton, 
  where 
  also 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  well 
  studied, 
  the 
  corals 
  

   are 
  tolerably 
  abundant, 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  there 
  confined 
  to 
  patches. 
  

   The 
  oolite 
  marl 
  also 
  occurs 
  and 
  is 
  coralliferous 
  at 
  Sheepscombe 
  and 
  

   Painswick. 
  

  

  Although, 
  however, 
  it 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  well 
  stored 
  with 
  corals, 
  it 
  

   has 
  some 
  which 
  are 
  peculiar 
  to 
  it: 
  they 
  are 
  Phyllogyra 
  sinuosa, 
  

   Latimceandra 
  tabulata, 
  L. 
  Haimei, 
  and 
  Oroseris 
  incrustans. 
  Dona- 
  

   cosmilia 
  Wrigltti, 
  Montlivaltia 
  Painswiclri, 
  M. 
  tenuilamellosa, 
  Con- 
  

   fusastroea 
  consobrina, 
  Anabacia 
  complanata 
  and 
  Thamnastrcea 
  Lyelli 
  

   pass 
  upwards 
  into 
  it 
  from 
  the 
  lower 
  reef. 
  

  

  The 
  Upper 
  Beef 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  Trigonia-giit, 
  which 
  is 
  a 
  deposit 
  

   quite 
  unlike 
  either 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  coral-beds 
  here 
  mentioned. 
  It 
  is 
  

   of 
  a 
  yellow 
  colour 
  and 
  scarcely 
  oolitic, 
  and 
  contains 
  many 
  in- 
  

   durated 
  smooth 
  lumps, 
  which 
  evidently 
  had 
  their 
  present 
  form 
  before 
  

   deposition, 
  as 
  parasitic 
  shells 
  and 
  young 
  Montlivaltice 
  are 
  often 
  

   found 
  attached 
  to 
  them. 
  

  

  With 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  Anabacia 
  complanata 
  and 
  Thamnastrcea 
  

   mettensis, 
  which 
  species 
  also 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  bed, 
  this 
  upper 
  coral- 
  

   deposit 
  has 
  its 
  own 
  species 
  quite 
  distinct 
  from 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  middle 
  

   and 
  lower 
  ones. 
  It 
  is 
  well 
  exposed 
  at 
  Leckhampton, 
  Pavensgate, 
  

   Birdlip, 
  and 
  Brown's-Wood 
  hills. 
  

  

  The 
  corals 
  occur 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  quite 
  at 
  the 
  bottom 
  of 
  the 
  

   Trigonia-grit, 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  even 
  appearing 
  to 
  have 
  actually 
  grown 
  

   upon 
  the 
  bed 
  below 
  : 
  but 
  others 
  have 
  much 
  the 
  appearance 
  of 
  having 
  

   been 
  derived 
  from 
  some 
  other 
  place 
  not 
  far 
  removed. 
  The 
  large 
  so- 
  

   called 
  Thecosmilia 
  gregaria, 
  which 
  is 
  peculiar 
  to 
  this 
  horizon, 
  

   probably 
  furnishes 
  evidence 
  to 
  this 
  effect; 
  for 
  while 
  peduncular 
  and 
  

   therefore 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  globular 
  specimens 
  are 
  common, 
  older 
  and 
  

   branching 
  ones 
  are 
  very 
  rare. 
  Probably 
  those 
  which 
  were 
  most 
  

   easily 
  removed 
  are 
  the 
  ones 
  now 
  met 
  with 
  in 
  the 
  greatest 
  plenty 
  : 
  

   but 
  they 
  cannot 
  have 
  come 
  from 
  any 
  distant 
  spot, 
  or 
  they 
  would 
  

   exhibit 
  evidences 
  of 
  rolling. 
  Possibly 
  the 
  exposures 
  of 
  this 
  coral- 
  

   liferous 
  deposit 
  were 
  in 
  the 
  immediate 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  a 
  reef, 
  

   but 
  they 
  certainly 
  have 
  not 
  the 
  aspect 
  of 
  a 
  reef 
  proper. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  worthy 
  of 
  remark 
  that 
  no 
  branching 
  corals 
  have 
  yet 
  been 
  

   met 
  with 
  in 
  this 
  bed 
  ; 
  and 
  perhaps 
  their 
  absence, 
  and 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  

   rounded 
  and 
  smooth 
  species 
  of 
  Isastrcece 
  and 
  Tliamnastrwce 
  (which, 
  

   of 
  these 
  genera, 
  are 
  alone 
  observable) 
  may 
  furnish 
  further 
  evidence 
  

   of 
  their 
  derivative 
  origin, 
  from 
  the 
  ease 
  with 
  which 
  they 
  would 
  be 
  

   removed. 
  

  

  It 
  will 
  be 
  seen 
  that 
  all 
  the 
  Montlivcdtice 
  of 
  this 
  upper 
  coralline 
  

   deposit 
  are 
  quite 
  distinct 
  from 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  two. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  following 
  Table, 
  column 
  No. 
  1 
  contains 
  the 
  species 
  from 
  

  

  