﻿E. 
  P. 
  TOMES 
  ON 
  LO 
  WEE-OOLITE 
  MADEEPOE 
  AEIA 
  . 
  447 
  

  

  and 
  in 
  time 
  the 
  young 
  frond 
  wholly 
  covers 
  the 
  latter 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  that 
  

   condition 
  both 
  the 
  outer 
  surfaces 
  are 
  wholly 
  covered 
  by 
  a 
  thick 
  

   wrinkled 
  epitheca, 
  in 
  which 
  state 
  calices 
  are 
  visible 
  only 
  at 
  the 
  

   edges 
  of 
  the 
  fronds. 
  But 
  most 
  commonly 
  the 
  new 
  frond, 
  long 
  

   before 
  it 
  attains 
  to 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  one, 
  bears 
  frond 
  upon 
  

   frond, 
  like 
  leaves, 
  on 
  its 
  outer 
  surface, 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  way 
  a 
  confused 
  

   leafy 
  mass 
  is 
  formed. 
  

  

  The 
  calices 
  themselves 
  are 
  much 
  like 
  those 
  of 
  Thamnastrcea. 
  

   Their 
  septal 
  costae 
  are 
  continuous 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  other 
  calices 
  ; 
  and 
  

   there 
  is 
  no 
  columella. 
  

  

  The 
  genus 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  present 
  bears 
  the 
  greatest 
  resemblance 
  is 
  

   Protoseris 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  differs 
  wholly 
  from 
  this 
  in 
  the 
  way 
  which 
  the 
  

   fronds 
  are 
  produced, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  a 
  strongly 
  developed 
  

   epitheca. 
  

  

  Phtlloseeis 
  ettgosa, 
  n. 
  sp. 
  (PI. 
  XVIII. 
  figs. 
  8-10). 
  

  

  A 
  well-developed 
  corallum 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  flattened 
  upright 
  mass 
  

   consisting 
  of 
  numerous 
  vertical 
  leaflets 
  which 
  may 
  be 
  classed 
  as 
  

   primary, 
  secondary, 
  tertiary, 
  &c. 
  They 
  spring 
  at 
  different 
  heights 
  

   from 
  the 
  calicular 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  primary 
  frond, 
  and 
  afterwards 
  

   successively 
  in 
  like 
  manner 
  from 
  each 
  other. 
  

  

  The 
  primary 
  frond, 
  before 
  the 
  growth 
  of 
  the 
  leaflets 
  takes 
  place, 
  

   has 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  back 
  surface 
  divided 
  into 
  finger-like 
  ridges, 
  

   which 
  have 
  an 
  upward 
  and 
  radiate 
  arrangement, 
  and 
  are 
  covered 
  

   by 
  a 
  common 
  epitheca 
  wrinkled 
  transversely. 
  The 
  front 
  or 
  calicular 
  

   surface 
  has 
  its 
  lower 
  parts 
  similarly 
  enclosed 
  by 
  epitheca, 
  which, 
  

   gradually 
  advancing 
  upwards, 
  forms 
  narrow 
  but 
  prominent 
  trans- 
  

   verse 
  bands 
  between 
  the 
  rows 
  of 
  calices. 
  

  

  Gemmation 
  takes 
  place 
  in 
  these 
  rows 
  of 
  calices 
  ; 
  and 
  new 
  fronds 
  

   are 
  thus 
  produced. 
  

  

  The 
  epitheca 
  continues 
  its 
  upward 
  growth, 
  and 
  extends 
  onto 
  the 
  

   young 
  fronds 
  ; 
  and 
  finally 
  all 
  the 
  calices 
  are 
  wholly 
  obscured 
  except 
  

   those 
  near 
  the 
  upper 
  margins 
  of 
  the 
  fronds. 
  

  

  The 
  young 
  fronds 
  cling 
  closely 
  to 
  the 
  one 
  from 
  which 
  they 
  spring, 
  

   completely 
  smothering 
  the 
  calices 
  ; 
  and 
  they 
  are 
  in 
  their 
  turn 
  grown 
  

   over 
  by 
  a 
  yet 
  younger 
  frond. 
  

  

  Two 
  fronds 
  of 
  equal 
  height 
  face 
  to 
  face 
  have 
  some 
  resemblance 
  

   to 
  the 
  hands 
  with 
  the 
  palms 
  together, 
  the 
  backs 
  of 
  the 
  hands 
  and 
  

   fingers 
  not 
  unaptly 
  representing 
  the 
  mural 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  fronds, 
  and 
  

   the 
  palms 
  the 
  inside 
  or 
  hidden 
  calicular 
  surface. 
  

  

  The 
  calices 
  near 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  fronds 
  are 
  quite 
  different 
  in 
  shape 
  

   from 
  those 
  lower 
  down. 
  They 
  are 
  often 
  quadrangular 
  or 
  lozenge- 
  

   shaped, 
  and 
  are 
  distributed 
  much 
  as 
  in 
  Thamnastrcea-, 
  but 
  lower 
  

   down 
  they 
  are 
  divided 
  into 
  transverse 
  lines 
  by 
  narrow 
  bands 
  of 
  

   epitheca, 
  and 
  are 
  round 
  and 
  have 
  their 
  outer 
  margin 
  so 
  much 
  pro- 
  

   duced 
  that 
  they 
  become 
  horizontal. 
  

  

  The 
  septa 
  are 
  rather 
  exsert 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  of 
  nearly 
  equal 
  thickness, 
  

   and, 
  when 
  numerous, 
  have 
  their 
  margins 
  very 
  regularly 
  geniculated. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  three 
  complete 
  cycles 
  and 
  part 
  of 
  a 
  fourth. 
  Those 
  of 
  

   the 
  first 
  run 
  into 
  the 
  centre 
  and 
  form 
  a 
  small 
  columella, 
  which 
  is 
  

   only 
  visible 
  in 
  the 
  worn 
  calices. 
  Those 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  are 
  a 
  little 
  

  

  