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  PROF. 
  C. 
  LAPWORTH 
  ON 
  THE 
  GTRVAN 
  SUCCESSION. 
  

  

  tinuous, 
  and 
  the 
  strata 
  exposed 
  admit 
  of 
  fairly 
  exact 
  admeasurement. 
  

   We 
  find 
  evidences 
  of 
  some 
  folds 
  in 
  the 
  strata, 
  and 
  traces 
  of 
  slight 
  

   faults, 
  hitches, 
  and 
  wrinkles 
  ; 
  hut 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  doubtful 
  if 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  

   beds 
  are 
  actually 
  repeated, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  following 
  measured 
  section 
  

   may 
  be 
  relied 
  upon 
  as 
  being 
  approximately 
  correct 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  feet. 
  

   Ab 
  2 
  . 
  Nodular 
  Limestones, 
  thin-bedded, 
  hard, 
  unfossiliferous... 
  22 
  

   Ab 
  1 
  ". 
  Calcareous 
  Flagstones, 
  full 
  of 
  nodules 
  of 
  limestone, 
  more 
  

  

  or 
  less 
  hardened, 
  and 
  only 
  rarely 
  f 
  ossiliferous 
  45 
  

  

  Ab 
  1 
  '. 
  Calcareous 
  Flagstones, 
  weathering 
  to 
  a 
  russet-brown 
  

   colour, 
  and 
  filled 
  with 
  seams 
  and 
  patches 
  of 
  rotten- 
  

   stone 
  26 
  

  

  The 
  section 
  here 
  fails 
  us 
  for 
  some 
  13 
  feet 
  of 
  thickness, 
  

   below 
  which 
  we 
  find 
  

  

  Aa 
  2 
  ". 
  Purple 
  Sandstones, 
  Grits, 
  and 
  Shales, 
  with 
  seams 
  of 
  

  

  pebbles, 
  but 
  no 
  recognizable 
  fossils 
  43 
  

  

  Aa 
  2r 
  . 
  Purple 
  Sandstones 
  and 
  Grits 
  24 
  

  

  passing 
  down 
  into 
  

  

  Aa'. 
  Purple 
  Conglomerate, 
  full 
  of 
  rounded 
  masses 
  of 
  igneous 
  rocks, 
  im- 
  

   bedded 
  in 
  a 
  matrix 
  of 
  sandy 
  and 
  calcareous 
  matter, 
  veined 
  with 
  

   irregular 
  seams 
  of 
  lime 
  and 
  calc-spar. 
  

  

  The 
  basal 
  conglomerate 
  is 
  well 
  exposed 
  at 
  a 
  small 
  waterfall 
  over- 
  

   looking 
  the 
  farmsteading 
  of 
  Kirkland. 
  It 
  will 
  therefore 
  be 
  hereafter 
  

   referred 
  to 
  under 
  the 
  alternative 
  title 
  of 
  the 
  Kirkland 
  Conglomerate. 
  

  

  The 
  ground 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  farm 
  is 
  covered 
  with 
  the 
  alluvium 
  

   of 
  the 
  Stinchar, 
  and 
  no 
  older 
  strata 
  are 
  visible. 
  

  

  3. 
  Auchensoul 
  Sfc. 
  — 
  In 
  following 
  the 
  outcrop 
  of 
  the 
  calcareous 
  

   series 
  along 
  its 
  line 
  of 
  strike 
  towards 
  the 
  west, 
  we 
  find 
  it 
  become 
  

   so 
  greatly 
  interfered 
  with 
  by 
  a 
  network 
  of 
  small 
  faults 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  

   matter 
  of 
  the 
  utmost 
  difficulty 
  to 
  map 
  out 
  the 
  true 
  place 
  of 
  the 
  

   shattered 
  fragments 
  upon 
  the 
  ground. 
  When, 
  however, 
  this 
  task 
  

   has 
  been 
  finally 
  accomplished, 
  it 
  becomes 
  evident 
  that 
  after 
  leaving 
  

   the 
  Kirkland 
  Burn, 
  the 
  limestone 
  group 
  begins 
  to 
  curve 
  round 
  

   rapidly 
  towards 
  the 
  south-west, 
  almost 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  its 
  

   original 
  course. 
  It 
  sweeps 
  obliquely 
  down 
  the 
  southern 
  slopes 
  of 
  

   Anchensoul 
  Hill, 
  and 
  crosses 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  Stinchar 
  opposite 
  the 
  

   farmstead 
  of 
  Dupin, 
  near 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  found 
  dipping 
  at 
  a 
  steep 
  angle 
  

   to 
  the 
  southward, 
  and 
  striking 
  to 
  the 
  westward, 
  in 
  the 
  wooded 
  

   slopes 
  of 
  the 
  hills 
  on 
  the 
  southern 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  river, 
  parallel 
  to 
  

   its 
  original 
  direction 
  in 
  Benan 
  Hill. 
  From 
  its 
  disposition 
  upon 
  

   the 
  ground 
  it 
  may 
  therefore 
  be 
  inferred 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  actually 
  sweeping 
  

   round 
  the 
  outer 
  curve 
  of 
  a 
  steep 
  anticlinal 
  arch, 
  the 
  main 
  axis 
  of 
  

   which 
  coincides 
  with 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  Stinchar. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  grassy 
  slopes 
  of 
  Auchensoul 
  Hill 
  four 
  main 
  groups 
  of 
  

   exposures 
  are 
  recognizable. 
  On 
  the 
  lateral 
  terrace 
  above 
  the 
  ruined 
  

   church 
  of 
  Kirkdominae, 
  the 
  Compact 
  Limestone 
  (Ab 
  3 
  ) 
  is 
  well 
  dis- 
  

   played 
  in 
  some 
  deserted 
  quarries. 
  In 
  the 
  most 
  northerly 
  of 
  these, 
  

   the 
  highest 
  zones 
  of 
  that 
  division, 
  immediately 
  below, 
  the 
  Didymo- 
  

  

  