﻿PKOE. 
  C. 
  LAPWOETH 
  ON 
  THE 
  GIEVAN 
  SUCCESSION. 
  577 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  bed 
  and 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  stream 
  which 
  drains 
  the 
  grassy 
  

   heights 
  to 
  the 
  sonth-west 
  of 
  this 
  locality 
  an 
  interesting 
  section 
  of 
  

   what 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  basal 
  breccias 
  and 
  sandstones 
  of 
  the 
  Girvan 
  

   succession 
  is 
  laid 
  bare. 
  The 
  lithological 
  characters 
  and 
  physical 
  

   relationships 
  of 
  these 
  beds 
  will 
  be 
  apparent 
  upon 
  a 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  

   foregoing 
  section 
  (fig. 
  10), 
  but 
  their 
  detailed 
  description 
  is 
  reserved 
  

   for 
  a 
  future 
  occasion. 
  

  

  4. 
  Dinvin 
  and 
  Laggan 
  Hill. 
  — 
  Northward 
  of 
  the 
  anticlinal 
  and 
  

   fault 
  of 
  Letterpin 
  and 
  Brockloch 
  a 
  long 
  tongue 
  of 
  the 
  Benan-Hill 
  

   Conglomerate 
  runs 
  westward 
  from 
  the 
  quarries 
  at 
  Tramitchell 
  along 
  

   the 
  north 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Assel, 
  and, 
  expanding 
  rapidly 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  followed 
  in 
  

   this 
  direction, 
  finally 
  forms 
  a 
  broad 
  rounded 
  mass 
  more 
  than 
  two 
  

   square 
  miles 
  in 
  area, 
  in 
  the 
  rugged 
  heights 
  of 
  Laggan 
  and 
  Dinvin. 
  

   The 
  beds 
  of 
  this 
  sheet 
  of 
  couglomerate 
  are 
  thrown 
  into 
  innumerable 
  

   undulations, 
  which 
  are 
  well 
  seen 
  in 
  a 
  host 
  of 
  natural 
  exposures 
  ; 
  but 
  

   none 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  of 
  sufficient 
  magnitude 
  to 
  bring 
  the 
  underlying 
  

   calcareous 
  series 
  to 
  the 
  surface. 
  Westward, 
  however, 
  the 
  conglo- 
  

   merate 
  area 
  is 
  bounded 
  by 
  the 
  complicated 
  group 
  of 
  dislocations 
  

   which 
  surround 
  the 
  Old 
  Red 
  Sandstone 
  outlier 
  of 
  Glendrissock 
  ; 
  and 
  

   in 
  their 
  neighbourhood 
  we 
  find 
  exposed 
  the 
  basal 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  conglo- 
  

   merate, 
  together 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  feet 
  of 
  the 
  infrajacent 
  calcareous 
  series. 
  

  

  Prom 
  the 
  farmhouse 
  of 
  Pinhacher 
  for 
  some 
  distance 
  towards 
  the 
  

   narrow 
  gorge 
  of 
  Laggan 
  Gill 
  the 
  deepest 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  conglomerate 
  

   dip 
  at 
  a 
  gentle 
  angle 
  to 
  the 
  south-eastward 
  below 
  all 
  the 
  overlying 
  

   masses 
  of 
  Dinvin. 
  Rising 
  out 
  from 
  beneath 
  these, 
  in 
  their 
  natural 
  

   order, 
  we 
  find 
  the 
  Stinchar 
  Limestone 
  in 
  two 
  disconnected 
  spots. 
  

   The 
  first 
  of 
  these 
  is 
  an 
  old 
  quarry, 
  a 
  hundred 
  yards 
  north-west 
  of 
  the 
  

   steading 
  of 
  Pinnacher, 
  where 
  hard 
  compact 
  limestones 
  form 
  a 
  rude 
  

   anticlinal, 
  the 
  eastern 
  side 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  overlain 
  by 
  calcareous 
  flaggy 
  

   shales 
  dipping 
  towards 
  the 
  great 
  conglomerate 
  of 
  Dinvin. 
  The 
  

   only 
  fossils 
  I 
  have 
  collected 
  from 
  these 
  beds 
  are 
  undeterminable 
  

   Brachiopoda 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  officers 
  of 
  the 
  Geological 
  Survey 
  have 
  been 
  

   more 
  fortunate, 
  as 
  they 
  enumerate 
  in 
  their 
  list 
  of 
  organic 
  remains 
  

   from 
  Pinnacher 
  the 
  characteristic 
  and 
  peculiar 
  Stinchar 
  forms 
  

   Maclurea 
  Logani, 
  Salt., 
  and 
  Lyopora 
  favosa, 
  M'Coy. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  second 
  exposure, 
  which 
  occurs 
  in 
  a 
  deep 
  bay 
  of 
  the 
  con- 
  

   glomerate, 
  about 
  half 
  a 
  mile 
  to 
  the 
  north-eastward, 
  a 
  fairly 
  satis- 
  

   factory 
  section 
  is 
  seen, 
  showing 
  the 
  beds 
  of 
  transition 
  between 
  

   the 
  calcareous 
  series 
  and 
  the 
  Benan 
  Conglomerate. 
  At 
  this 
  locality 
  

   the 
  basal 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  Benan 
  rock 
  dip 
  at 
  a 
  medium 
  angle 
  to 
  the 
  

   eastward 
  below 
  the 
  continuous 
  mass 
  of 
  the 
  neighbouring 
  slopes 
  ; 
  

   they 
  weather 
  with 
  the 
  orange-yellow 
  tint 
  characteristic 
  of 
  the 
  

   corresponding 
  beds 
  along 
  the 
  northern 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  Benan 
  area, 
  

   the 
  nodular 
  calcareous 
  seams 
  of 
  the 
  Brockloch 
  zone 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  

   the 
  Benan 
  rock 
  here 
  unite 
  into 
  a 
  distinct 
  band 
  of 
  limestone, 
  more 
  

   than 
  a 
  foot 
  in 
  thickness, 
  which 
  is 
  both 
  overlain 
  and 
  underlain 
  by 
  

   coarse 
  conglomerates, 
  thus 
  affording 
  us 
  a 
  complete 
  demonstration 
  

   of 
  the 
  conform 
  ability 
  of 
  the 
  Stinchar 
  and 
  Benan 
  strata. 
  

  

  A 
  short 
  distance 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  a 
  branch 
  of 
  the 
  Glendrissoch 
  fault 
  

   steps 
  forward 
  the 
  conglomerate 
  of 
  Dinvin 
  into 
  the 
  mound 
  of 
  Laggan 
  

  

  