﻿578 
  PROP. 
  C. 
  LAPWORTH 
  ON 
  THE 
  GIRVAN 
  SUCCESSION. 
  

  

  Hill, 
  and 
  an 
  altered 
  patch 
  of 
  the 
  Ballantrae 
  calcareous 
  series 
  comes 
  

   out 
  from 
  below 
  it 
  at 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  the 
  Laggan 
  Gill. 
  

  

  5. 
  Trowier 
  Hill. 
  — 
  The 
  summit 
  and 
  south-west 
  scarp 
  of 
  Trowier 
  

   Hill, 
  which 
  lies 
  between 
  the 
  two 
  forks 
  of 
  Piedmont 
  Burn, 
  about 
  half 
  

   a 
  mile 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  last-mentioned 
  locality, 
  are 
  formed 
  of 
  an 
  irregular 
  

   dome 
  of 
  the 
  Benan 
  Conglomerate. 
  The 
  south-western 
  limits 
  of 
  the 
  

   conglomerate 
  area, 
  as 
  expressed 
  upon 
  the 
  map 
  (PI. 
  XXIV.), 
  are 
  

   purely 
  inferential, 
  as 
  the 
  natural 
  surface 
  of 
  Piedmont 
  Hill 
  itself 
  is 
  

   obscured 
  by 
  moss 
  and 
  vegetation. 
  In 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  the 
  dome 
  of 
  

   Trowier 
  itself, 
  however, 
  we 
  have 
  distinct 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  presence 
  

   of 
  a 
  calcareous 
  series 
  in 
  place, 
  in 
  the 
  numerous 
  excavations 
  formerly 
  

   made 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  extracting 
  lime, 
  in 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  an 
  old 
  

   lime-kiln, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  abundance 
  of 
  scattered 
  fragments 
  of 
  altered 
  

   calcareous 
  rock. 
  Such 
  fragments 
  as 
  are 
  capable 
  of 
  interpretation 
  

   give 
  no 
  evidence 
  that 
  the 
  higher 
  Compact 
  Limestones 
  have 
  been 
  

   obtained 
  at 
  this 
  spot 
  ; 
  but 
  seem 
  to 
  belong 
  rather 
  to 
  the 
  impure 
  and 
  

   more 
  or 
  less 
  ashy 
  and 
  serpentinized 
  band 
  of 
  the 
  Ballantrae 
  Series. 
  

  

  6. 
  Dow 
  Hill. 
  — 
  A 
  marked 
  and 
  most 
  symmetrical 
  anticlinal 
  of 
  the 
  

   same 
  Benan 
  rock 
  forms 
  the 
  conspicuous 
  knoll 
  of 
  Dow 
  Hill, 
  a 
  short 
  

   distance 
  lower 
  down 
  the 
  water 
  of 
  Piedmont. 
  No 
  great 
  thickness 
  of 
  

   the 
  conglomerate 
  is 
  here 
  exposed, 
  but 
  its 
  infraposition 
  to 
  the 
  

   surrounding 
  strata 
  of 
  the 
  neighbouring 
  slopes 
  (the 
  Graptolitic 
  flag- 
  

   stones 
  and 
  shales 
  to 
  be 
  presently 
  described) 
  is 
  most 
  perfectly 
  

   exhibited. 
  

  

  7. 
  Byne 
  Hill 
  and 
  Kennedy's 
  Pass. 
  — 
  The 
  most 
  conspicuous 
  and 
  

   best-known 
  of 
  the 
  many 
  exposures 
  of 
  the 
  Benan 
  Conglomerate 
  in 
  

   the 
  Girvan 
  district 
  is 
  undoubtedly 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Byne 
  Hill 
  and 
  

   Kennedy's 
  Pass. 
  It 
  forms 
  the 
  northern 
  and 
  steeply 
  descending 
  

   flank 
  of 
  the 
  igneous 
  ridges 
  of 
  Grey 
  Hill 
  and 
  Pinbain, 
  in 
  an 
  unbroken 
  

   sheet 
  about 
  four 
  miles 
  in 
  length. 
  It 
  is 
  beautifully 
  displayed 
  in 
  the 
  

   rugged 
  mound 
  of 
  the 
  Byne 
  Hill 
  (fig. 
  11), 
  which 
  forms 
  the 
  most 
  

   conspicuous 
  object 
  in 
  the 
  picturesque 
  view 
  of 
  this 
  ridge 
  and 
  the 
  old 
  

   sea-terrace 
  at 
  its 
  foot 
  from 
  the 
  town 
  itself. 
  The 
  arrangement 
  of 
  the 
  

   rocks 
  in 
  this 
  hill 
  will 
  be 
  understood 
  from 
  the 
  following 
  generalized 
  

   section. 
  Its 
  core 
  is 
  formed 
  of 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  syenitic 
  granite, 
  which 
  is 
  

   followed 
  to 
  the 
  south-eastward 
  by 
  a 
  strip 
  of 
  the 
  peculiar 
  serpentinous 
  

   rock 
  so 
  abundant 
  in 
  the 
  Ballantrae 
  region. 
  These 
  igneous 
  rocks 
  are 
  

   flanked 
  on 
  both 
  sides 
  by 
  the 
  Benan 
  Conglomerate, 
  which 
  is 
  composed 
  

   of 
  the 
  usual 
  tumultuous 
  masses 
  of 
  boulders 
  of 
  igneous 
  rocks 
  imbedded 
  

   in 
  a 
  greenish 
  and 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  ashy 
  paste, 
  and 
  occasionally 
  divided 
  

   by 
  seams 
  of 
  coarse 
  sandstone 
  and 
  bedded 
  grit. 
  On 
  the 
  north 
  side 
  

   of 
  the 
  hill 
  the 
  beds 
  in 
  contact 
  with 
  the 
  syenite 
  differ 
  in 
  no 
  essential 
  

   respect 
  from 
  those 
  constituting 
  the 
  main 
  mass 
  of 
  the 
  conglomerate 
  ; 
  

   but 
  on 
  the 
  south-eastward 
  slope 
  we 
  find 
  certain 
  calcareous 
  beds 
  rising 
  

   out 
  from 
  below. 
  

  

  A 
  limestone 
  is 
  seen 
  in 
  an 
  old 
  quarry 
  on 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  fault 
  between 
  

   the 
  serpentine 
  and 
  the 
  conglomeratic 
  area 
  of 
  Drumfairn, 
  at 
  the 
  

   head 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  tributary 
  of 
  the 
  Byne 
  Hill 
  Burn. 
  About 
  10 
  feet 
  of 
  

   Compact 
  Limestone 
  is 
  visible, 
  dipping 
  60° 
  or 
  70° 
  S.E., 
  shattered 
  and 
  

   more 
  or 
  less 
  serpentinized 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  in 
  contact 
  with 
  the 
  fault-line 
  

  

  