﻿650 
  PROF. 
  C. 
  LAP-WORTH 
  ON 
  THE 
  GIRVAN 
  SUCCESSION. 
  

  

  Generalized 
  Section 
  of 
  the 
  Newlands 
  Series. 
  

  

  ft. 
  r 
  1. 
  Mulloch-Hill 
  Conglomerate. 
  

  

  (a) 
  Mulloch-Hill 
  Group 
  375 
  \ 
  2. 
  Kougk-Neuk 
  Grits. 
  

  

  [ 
  3. 
  Glenwells 
  Shales. 
  

  

  ((a) 
  Woodland 
  Limestone, 
  Conglome- 
  

   rate, 
  and 
  Shales. 
  

   , 
  (b) 
  Saugh-Hill 
  Grits 
  and 
  Flags. 
  

  

  M.-Sedgwickii 
  Beds. 
  

  

  1 
  . 
  Grey 
  Shales, 
  barren 
  of 
  fossils. 
  

  

  2. 
  Black 
  Mudstones 
  with 
  Grap- 
  

  

  tolites. 
  

  

  1. 
  jRhynckonella-Gnts. 
  

  

  2. 
  Upper 
  I'entamer 
  us-Jjimestone 
  and 
  

   Shales. 
  

  

  3. 
  Yellow 
  Gritstones 
  and 
  Flags. 
  

  

  (c) 
  Camregan 
  Group 
  200 
  

  

  (b) 
  Flagstones 
  and 
  Shales 
  of 
  Bargany 
  and 
  Straiton. 
  

  

  The 
  Lower 
  Palaeozoic 
  strata 
  of 
  the 
  Girvan 
  region 
  which 
  yet 
  re- 
  

   main 
  to 
  be 
  described 
  form 
  a 
  narrow 
  strip 
  of 
  country 
  about 
  ten 
  miles 
  

   in 
  length, 
  stretching 
  from 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  Penwhapple 
  Burn, 
  between 
  

   Penkill 
  and 
  Old 
  Dailly, 
  past 
  the 
  village 
  of 
  jSew 
  Dailly 
  and 
  the 
  heights 
  

   of 
  Kilkerran, 
  to 
  the 
  village 
  of 
  Straiton 
  upon 
  the 
  Water 
  of 
  Girvan 
  to 
  

   the 
  south 
  of 
  Maybole. 
  

  

  Along 
  this 
  line 
  the 
  northern 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  continuous 
  upland 
  pla- 
  

   teau 
  of 
  Saugh 
  Hill 
  and 
  the 
  Hadyard 
  Hills 
  plunges 
  suddenly 
  down- 
  

   wards 
  into 
  the 
  lowlying 
  district 
  of 
  the 
  Girvan 
  valley 
  in 
  a 
  long 
  

   straight 
  slope 
  of 
  singular 
  steepness. 
  To 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  Penwhapple 
  

   Glen 
  this 
  steep 
  slope 
  forms 
  a 
  most 
  prominent 
  feature 
  in 
  the 
  land- 
  

   scape, 
  its 
  upper 
  margin 
  presenting 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  rocky 
  points, 
  several 
  

   exceeding 
  1000 
  feet 
  in 
  elevation, 
  which 
  mark 
  the 
  outer 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  

   Old 
  Bed 
  Sandstone 
  terrace 
  of 
  Garleffin, 
  and 
  its 
  lower 
  portions 
  merging 
  

   imperceptibly 
  into 
  the 
  maze 
  of 
  parks 
  and 
  woodlands 
  that 
  give 
  such 
  

   a 
  forest-like 
  aspect 
  to 
  the 
  fertile 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  Girvan. 
  

  

  The 
  prime 
  cause 
  of 
  this 
  abrupt 
  physical 
  feature 
  is 
  undoubtedly 
  

   the 
  presence 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  Braehill 
  fault, 
  which 
  runs 
  along 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  

   the 
  slope 
  from 
  end 
  to 
  end, 
  throwing 
  down 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  of 
  the 
  

   Girvan 
  valley 
  against 
  the 
  Silurian 
  rocks 
  to 
  the 
  south. 
  Throughout 
  

   the 
  whole 
  of 
  • 
  its 
  range 
  this 
  is 
  actually 
  a 
  downthrow 
  to 
  the 
  north- 
  

   ward. 
  It 
  is 
  essentially 
  a 
  strike-fault, 
  running 
  almost 
  paraUel 
  with 
  

   the 
  average 
  trend 
  of 
  the 
  Palaeozoic 
  rocks, 
  but 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  confined 
  

   to 
  a 
  single 
  horizon 
  either 
  in 
  the 
  Silurian 
  or 
  the 
  Carboniferous, 
  but 
  

   truncating 
  the 
  strata 
  of 
  both 
  at 
  a 
  very 
  acute 
  angle. 
  

  

  At 
  its 
  eastern 
  end, 
  within 
  the 
  present 
  district, 
  near 
  Penwhapple, 
  

   this 
  fault 
  is 
  situated 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  steep 
  slope 
  already 
  referred 
  

   to, 
  and 
  brings 
  into 
  abrupt 
  collocation 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  highest 
  rocks 
  of 
  

   the 
  Silurian 
  of 
  the 
  Penwhapple, 
  and 
  a 
  zone 
  comparatively 
  high 
  in 
  

   the 
  Upper 
  Old 
  Bed 
  Sandstone. 
  The 
  overlying 
  zones 
  of 
  the 
  

   Lower 
  Carboniferous 
  emerge 
  one 
  by 
  one 
  till, 
  finally, 
  near 
  the 
  

   head 
  of 
  Lady 
  Burn, 
  above 
  Kilkerran, 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  

   is 
  exposed, 
  and 
  the 
  unconformably 
  underlying 
  Silurian 
  rocks 
  begin 
  

  

  

  