﻿PLIOCENE 
  PEKIOD 
  IX 
  ENGLAND. 
  709 
  

  

  The 
  sands 
  which 
  are 
  thus 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  fossiliferous 
  in 
  the 
  

   littoral 
  part 
  of 
  Sussex, 
  in 
  Sheet 
  9, 
  and 
  which 
  may 
  perhaps 
  

   be 
  represented 
  by 
  the 
  bed 
  of 
  shingle 
  on 
  Portsdown 
  Hill 
  (in 
  the 
  

   south-east 
  of 
  Sheet 
  11) 
  at 
  the 
  elevation 
  of 
  125 
  feet, 
  described 
  

   by 
  Prof. 
  Prestwich 
  in 
  the 
  28th 
  vol. 
  of 
  the 
  Journal, 
  do 
  not 
  

   seem 
  recognizable 
  in 
  the 
  corresponding 
  part 
  of 
  Hampshire, 
  in 
  

   Sheets 
  11 
  and 
  15; 
  the 
  gravel 
  and 
  sand 
  of 
  that 
  county 
  being, 
  so 
  

   far 
  as 
  I 
  know, 
  all 
  of 
  that 
  unfossiliferous 
  character 
  which 
  marks 
  

   the 
  gravel 
  and 
  sand 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  submergence 
  and 
  the 
  recovery 
  

   therefrom 
  (b\ 
  c, 
  e, 
  and 
  f) 
  everywhere 
  except 
  in 
  the 
  north-west 
  of 
  

   England 
  and 
  the 
  Severn 
  valley 
  : 
  but 
  as 
  South 
  Hampshire 
  must 
  

   have 
  participated 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  redepression 
  as 
  Sussex, 
  we 
  must 
  infer 
  

   that 
  the 
  sands 
  deposited 
  there 
  by 
  the 
  sea 
  in 
  question 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  level 
  

   which 
  this 
  reached 
  at 
  Avisford 
  have 
  either 
  been 
  removed, 
  or 
  else 
  

   are 
  undistinguishable 
  from 
  the 
  gravels 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  submergence 
  

   and 
  the 
  recovery 
  therefrom 
  (e 
  and/), 
  which 
  in 
  level 
  correspond 
  to 
  

   the 
  upper 
  limit 
  of 
  this 
  redepression, 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  that 
  much 
  of 
  

   the 
  Cf/)-ena-f 
  ovulation 
  in 
  the 
  Thames 
  valley 
  is 
  so 
  mixed 
  up 
  with 
  the 
  

   gravel, 
  f, 
  there, 
  as 
  (where 
  unfossiliferous) 
  to 
  be 
  undistinguishable 
  

   from 
  it 
  ; 
  the 
  gravels 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  submergence, 
  which 
  thus 
  in 
  Hants 
  

   range 
  almost 
  continuously 
  from 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  150 
  up 
  to 
  419 
  feet, 
  

   being, 
  curiously 
  enough, 
  absent, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  I 
  know, 
  in 
  Sussex. 
  There 
  

   appear 
  also 
  to 
  be 
  no 
  means 
  of 
  ascertaining 
  whether 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  sand 
  

   and 
  gravel 
  with 
  marine 
  shells 
  in 
  the 
  Severn 
  valley 
  represents 
  the 
  

   stage 
  of 
  redepression 
  now 
  under 
  consideration 
  : 
  but 
  as 
  these 
  shells 
  

   comprise, 
  according 
  to 
  Mr. 
  Maw 
  *, 
  Astarte 
  borecdis 
  and 
  Tellina 
  lata 
  

   (calcarea), 
  Arctic 
  and 
  glacial 
  species, 
  which, 
  though 
  present 
  in 
  the 
  

   gravel 
  of 
  this 
  stage 
  in 
  Cambridgeshire, 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  detected 
  among 
  

   the 
  shells 
  from 
  the 
  Sussex 
  sands 
  or 
  from 
  the 
  Selsea 
  bed, 
  the 
  proba- 
  

   bility 
  is 
  rather 
  against 
  such 
  being 
  the 
  case. 
  

  

  The 
  resubmergence 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  Cyrena 
  -formation 
  as 
  thus 
  traced 
  

   was 
  due, 
  does 
  not 
  in 
  its 
  increment 
  follow 
  altogether 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  

   that 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  submergence 
  ; 
  for, 
  while 
  that 
  increased 
  northwest- 
  

   ward 
  and 
  southwestward 
  from 
  East 
  Norfolk 
  and 
  ISorth 
  Suffolk, 
  this 
  

   appears 
  to 
  have 
  increased 
  westward 
  and 
  northward 
  from 
  Kent 
  : 
  and 
  

   while 
  the 
  former 
  accompanied 
  the 
  major 
  glaciation, 
  the 
  latter 
  seems 
  

   to 
  have 
  preceded 
  the 
  minor. 
  Except 
  for 
  this, 
  since 
  the 
  greatest 
  in- 
  

   crement 
  in 
  both 
  cases 
  was 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  mountain-districts, 
  

   and 
  the 
  small 
  extent 
  of 
  the 
  minor 
  submergence 
  corresponds 
  to 
  the 
  

   small 
  amount 
  of 
  the 
  land-ice 
  which 
  the 
  morainic 
  formation 
  of 
  the 
  

   minor 
  glaciation 
  indicates, 
  the 
  view 
  that 
  the 
  submergences 
  were 
  due 
  

   to 
  the 
  pressure 
  of 
  the 
  land-ice 
  which 
  accumulated 
  on 
  the 
  mountain- 
  

   districts 
  would 
  be 
  quite 
  borne 
  out, 
  though 
  the 
  final 
  depression 
  of 
  

   England 
  indicated 
  by 
  the 
  submerged 
  laud-surfaces 
  mentioned 
  in 
  

   the 
  sequel 
  can 
  have 
  been 
  due 
  to 
  no 
  such 
  cause. 
  

  

  The 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  Cy 
  rena-formation 
  in 
  the 
  Thames 
  valley 
  below 
  

   London, 
  when 
  examined 
  in 
  connexion 
  both 
  with 
  the 
  gravel 
  / 
  and 
  

   the 
  gravel 
  g, 
  shows 
  that 
  this 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  and 
  the 
  corre- 
  

   sponding 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Lea 
  valley 
  has 
  been 
  subjected 
  to 
  much 
  dis- 
  

   * 
  Quart. 
  Journ. 
  Geol. 
  Soc. 
  vol. 
  xx. 
  p. 
  140. 
  

  

  