﻿PLIOCENE 
  PERIOD 
  EN 
  T 
  ENGLAND. 
  741 
  

  

  this 
  seam, 
  but 
  the 
  sands 
  containing 
  this 
  seam 
  are, 
  in 
  my 
  opinion, 
  

   clearly 
  no 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Crag, 
  and 
  really 
  nnfossiliferous. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  worthy 
  of 
  note 
  that 
  in 
  this 
  part, 
  which 
  is 
  the 
  region 
  where 
  

   the 
  other 
  evidence 
  traced 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  part 
  of 
  this 
  memoir 
  shows 
  the 
  

   submergence 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  least, 
  shingle-beds 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  sand 
  h 
  1 
  

   from 
  the 
  top 
  to 
  the 
  bottom 
  ; 
  for 
  these 
  are 
  evidence 
  rather 
  of 
  shallow 
  

   than 
  of 
  deep 
  water. 
  

  

  [Note. 
  October 
  1882.] 
  — 
  Since 
  this 
  memoir 
  went 
  to 
  press, 
  a 
  descrip- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  some 
  sections 
  lately 
  exposed 
  at 
  Stoke 
  Newington 
  has 
  been 
  

   given 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Worthington 
  Smith 
  in 
  ' 
  Nature 
  ' 
  of 
  the 
  12th 
  October, 
  

   1882. 
  From 
  these 
  it 
  appears 
  that 
  the 
  Cyrena 
  (Corbicula) 
  does 
  

   occur 
  at 
  that 
  place, 
  and 
  up 
  to 
  an 
  elevation 
  there 
  of 
  about 
  68 
  feet 
  

   above 
  O.D. 
  This 
  is 
  in 
  bed 
  B 
  of 
  Mr. 
  Smith's 
  section 
  4, 
  which, 
  with 
  

   the 
  sands 
  overlying 
  it, 
  and 
  marked 
  C 
  to 
  F 
  in 
  his 
  section, 
  corresponds 
  

   to 
  bed 
  § 
  3 
  of 
  my 
  figures, 
  and 
  is 
  overlain 
  by 
  alternations 
  of 
  sand 
  and 
  

   clay 
  (G 
  to 
  M) 
  forming 
  the 
  passage 
  upwards 
  to 
  his 
  bed 
  N, 
  which 
  

   corresponds 
  to 
  my 
  bed 
  (f> 
  4. 
  This 
  again 
  is 
  overlain 
  and 
  ravined 
  by 
  

   the 
  atmospheric 
  formation 
  y, 
  which 
  is 
  bed 
  Q, 
  of 
  Mr. 
  Smith's 
  figure. 
  

   The 
  " 
  floor," 
  which 
  Mr. 
  Smith 
  describes 
  as 
  containing 
  palaeolithic 
  

   implements 
  mixed 
  with 
  bones 
  of 
  Mammoth, 
  Horse, 
  Bison, 
  and 
  

   Reindeer, 
  and 
  with 
  blocks 
  and 
  seams 
  of 
  transported 
  London 
  Clay, 
  

   seems 
  to 
  occur 
  at 
  the 
  horizon 
  of 
  the 
  passage 
  of 
  (j> 
  3 
  into 
  4, 
  and 
  thus 
  

   to 
  show 
  that 
  the 
  Reindeer 
  came 
  in 
  as 
  the 
  approach 
  of 
  the 
  minor 
  

   glaciation 
  caused 
  the 
  severer 
  climate 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  outpour 
  of 
  mud 
  

   giving 
  rise 
  to 
  ^4, 
  and 
  the 
  transport 
  of 
  these 
  seams 
  and 
  blocks 
  of 
  

   London 
  Clay, 
  proceeded. 
  This 
  is 
  slightly 
  above 
  the 
  part 
  where 
  the 
  

   Cyrena 
  ceases 
  to 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  section. 
  

  

  The 
  duplication 
  of 
  this 
  "floor" 
  by 
  a 
  movement 
  of 
  subsidence, 
  

   which 
  Mr. 
  Smith 
  also 
  shows, 
  seems 
  due 
  to 
  a 
  step 
  in 
  the 
  depression 
  

   in 
  which 
  the 
  Cyrena-formsbtion 
  originated 
  : 
  and 
  as 
  the 
  horizon 
  of 
  

   this 
  floor 
  seems 
  to 
  me 
  to 
  coincide 
  with 
  that 
  which 
  carried 
  the 
  salt- 
  

   water 
  up 
  the 
  Somme 
  valley 
  to 
  Menchecourt, 
  where, 
  according 
  to 
  

   Prof. 
  Prestwich, 
  the 
  Eeindeer 
  occurs 
  with 
  the 
  Cyrena, 
  perhaps 
  that 
  

   shell 
  lingered 
  in 
  France 
  after 
  it 
  had 
  ceased 
  to 
  live 
  in 
  England. 
  

  

  REFERENCE 
  TO 
  THE 
  FIGURES 
  AND 
  MAPS 
  WHICH 
  ACCOMPANY 
  

   BOTH 
  PARTS 
  OF 
  THE 
  MEMOIR, 
  AND 
  EXPLANATION 
  THEREOF. 
  

  

  (Vol. 
  XXXVI. 
  Plate 
  XXI. 
  and 
  Plate 
  XXVI. 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  volume.) 
  

  

  The 
  formations 
  older 
  than 
  the 
  Newer 
  Pliocene 
  are 
  shown 
  by 
  Roman 
  numerals, 
  

   viz.: 
  — 
  

  

  I. 
  The 
  Neocomian. 
  II. 
  The 
  Gault 
  and 
  Upper 
  Greensand. 
  III. 
  The 
  Chalk. 
  

   III'. 
  The 
  Chalk 
  glaciated 
  by 
  the 
  passage 
  of 
  the 
  land-ice 
  over 
  it. 
  IV. 
  Thanet 
  

   and 
  Woolwich 
  beds. 
  V 
  A 
  . 
  Pebble-beds 
  at 
  base 
  of 
  London 
  Clay. 
  V. 
  The 
  Lon- 
  

   don 
  Clay. 
  VI. 
  The 
  Bagshot 
  series. 
  VII. 
  The 
  Lower 
  Oligocene. 
  VIII. 
  Pebble- 
  

   beds, 
  probably 
  of 
  Diestian 
  (oldest 
  Pliocene) 
  age. 
  

  

  The 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  Newer 
  Pliocene 
  series 
  are 
  indicated 
  thus 
  : 
  — 
  

   Those 
  of 
  the 
  Upper 
  Cray 
  (Stage 
  I.). 
  — 
  al. 
  Red 
  Crag. 
  at. 
  Fluvio-marine 
  

   Crag, 
  a 
  2. 
  The 
  Chillesf 
  ord 
  Clay. 
  

  

  