150 yards more, but after that, as far as I was able to go (about 

 four miles measured along the coast, though much less as the 

 crow flies) no more was visible 



The cliffs here, at the end of the Eocene, are of great height, 

 but it is hard to say exactly what. The top of the escarpment 

 is not well defined, and from there the ground slopes directly up 

 to the SSellick's Ranges. Quite close to the cliff, though not right 

 at its edge, I was at an elevation of a 180 feet. 



The Cambrian near here dips at an angle of 65 c to 70° to the 

 north, the westerly strike being very clearly shown by the bands 

 of quartzite standing out on a small reef at the foot of the escarp- 

 ment. This reef protects the cliff from the sea's action, and 

 therefore there is here very little loose rock on the shore-line, 

 and the high-water mark is shown by a line of sand some 20 feet 

 wide. Further south the inclination is greater, but still in the 

 same direction. Here the rocks dip at an angle of 75° at the top 

 of the escarpment (here a 100 feet high), and at the base they 

 are vertical or even slightly inclined in the opposite direction, 

 though but a very small part shows this- inversion. A little 

 further still the dip is 80°, and strike (as shown by the reef on 

 the beach) W. by S. This reef extends very little further — less 

 than three-quarters of a mile altogether — and after that the 

 beach, or rather the shore-line, presents a tangled mass of 

 boulders. These are some of quartzite, well-rounded, and very 

 smooth ; some of a calcareous nature, worn into sharp spikes and 

 projections, painful to walk on ; and others, which present the 

 most peculiar appearance, composed of black ferruginous 

 dolomite, which wears away along the lines of stratification 

 into amygdaloidal holes, into which pebbles have often been 

 forced, and too coarse to be seen in hand specimens. This rock 

 does not appear on the face of the cliff, but is very plentiful on 

 the shore-line, not only along here, but also right back to where 

 the Cambrian first appears. Masses of ironstone are also to be 

 met with occasionally. 



After the end of the Cambrian reef the cliffs are not nearly so 

 fine, seldom presenting a bold escarpment to the sea, but sloping 

 back somewhat, with frequently a surface coating of clayey soil 

 carrying vegetation. The rock itself, which crops out frequently, 

 also becomes more calcareous in nature. The dip is, therefore, 

 hard to obtain, as even where a fair section is shown there is no 

 reef to show the strike, which is highly important with such a 

 great dip. Occasionally, where the cliff slopes back more than 

 usual, the shore-line becomes more pebbly, with fewer great 

 boulders: and in a few spots a small patch of sand was to be met 

 with. Also, at intervals, there is a jutting point of rock extend- 

 ing right up to the sea, making it difficult to pass, and this 

 appeared to be more frequently the case towards Myponga. 



