75 



Immediately under the Tertiary limestone the clay is much 

 impregnated with dendritic manganese, and the upper por- 

 tion of the bed, notably the first three feet, is largely iron- 

 stained. Many of the included boulders have formed a 

 centre of segregation for the peroxide of iron, being thickly 

 coated with this substance, giving them an appearance of 

 nodular ironstone. When broken, however, the unaltered 

 stone is seen to occur below the ferruginous crust. Beneath 

 this iron-stained layer the clay is dark-colored in shades of 

 bluish-black. When seen in plan on the beach (horizontal 

 to the bedding), an extensive system of jointing can be re- 

 cognised, the joint planes crossing each other at various 

 angles. 



The erratics contained in the clay are for the most \ art 

 strongly striated or polished by ice action. The shingle of 

 the beach consists mainly of erratics that have been liberated 

 from the boulder clay through wave action on the cliffs. 

 A large granite boulder occupies a position between tide 

 marks, and measures three feet six inches in height. 



Inland Localities. 



(a) Warooka. — The township of Warooka stands on a hill 

 of boulder clay that has been eroded on three sides. On 

 the north side of the township in Section 200 (Hundred 

 of Moorowie), a dam has been excavated in this clay. About 

 a dozen small erratics — chiefly quartzite and granite — weie 

 counted within a short distance of the excavation. The out- 

 crop becomes more characteristic as it is followed around the 

 eastern and southern sides of the ridge, in Section No. 201. 

 Near the extremity of the eastern spur a granite boulder, two- 

 feet in diameter, lies in the paddock. There are also about 

 a dozen smaller fragments of granite lying around, which have 

 probably been broken from the larger mass. The stone is 

 coarse-grained with large crystals of orthoclase, in bunches 

 and veins, resembling the granitic outcrops at Corney Point. 

 On the south side of the ridge is another erratic of pink- 

 colored granite, carrying black mica, about the same size as 

 the one just described ; and not far distant from the last- 

 mentioned a third erratic was found, being a close-grained 

 bluish quartzite, with polished face, and heavily scratched. 



The outcrop of boulder clay was followed across the road 

 dividing the Hundreds of Moorowie and Para Wurlie, and 

 more granites were picked up in Section No. 23 of the 

 latter Hundred. 



A few small weathered es of Eocene limestone were 



seen on the north flanks of T irooka Hill, but whether such 

 are the remains of a small outlier of rocks of this age in the 



