﻿CEYSTALLINE 
  E0CKS 
  OE 
  THE 
  ALPS. 
  87 
  

  

  schists 
  and 
  fine-grained 
  gneisses. 
  Of 
  these 
  rocks, 
  the 
  garnet-bearing 
  

   schist 
  is 
  exactly 
  like 
  a 
  variety 
  which 
  occurs 
  in 
  the 
  Tremola-schist 
  

   group 
  of 
  the 
  Central 
  Alps 
  ; 
  the 
  remainder 
  resemble 
  the 
  gneisses 
  and 
  

   schists 
  met 
  with 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Piora 
  lake 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  Gt. 
  St. 
  Bernard 
  pass. 
  These 
  appeared 
  to 
  come 
  from 
  the 
  

   more 
  southern 
  set 
  of 
  ravines, 
  and 
  recalled 
  to 
  mind 
  the 
  rocks 
  men- 
  

   tioned 
  above, 
  with 
  which 
  they 
  undoubtedly 
  correspond. 
  The 
  white 
  

   quartz-schist, 
  which 
  is 
  very 
  like 
  varieties 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Yal 
  Piora, 
  

   and 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Gt. 
  St. 
  Bernard, 
  occurs 
  in 
  situ 
  near 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  pass 
  

   leading 
  to 
  Kals. 
  It 
  dips 
  at 
  an 
  angle 
  varying 
  from 
  30° 
  to 
  45° 
  to 
  

   S.S.W. 
  or 
  a 
  little 
  nearer 
  S. 
  It 
  is 
  apparently 
  underlain 
  by 
  chloritic 
  

   schist, 
  and 
  that 
  by 
  the 
  usual 
  mica-schist 
  ; 
  but 
  I 
  suspect 
  an 
  inversion 
  

   due 
  to 
  folding. 
  

  

  The 
  path 
  up 
  the 
  main 
  valley, 
  north 
  of 
  Windisch-Matrei, 
  for 
  some 
  

   miles 
  runs 
  entirely 
  over 
  members 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  TTionglimmerschiefer''' 
  series. 
  

   The 
  chateau 
  crowns 
  a 
  projecting 
  mass 
  of 
  white 
  marble, 
  quartz- 
  

   veined 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  apparently 
  dipping 
  towards 
  the 
  S. 
  On 
  this 
  side 
  

   a 
  calcareous 
  mica-schist 
  (Kalkglimmerschiefer, 
  V. 
  H.) 
  is 
  exposed 
  at 
  

   the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  crags, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  below 
  is 
  well 
  displayed 
  near 
  

   the 
  bridge 
  over 
  the 
  river, 
  dipping 
  at 
  a 
  high 
  angle, 
  about 
  75°, 
  to 
  

   S.S.E. 
  This 
  rock 
  is 
  lithologically 
  identical 
  with 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  Jcalk- 
  

   haltige 
  Schiefer" 
  of 
  the 
  Central 
  Alps. 
  At 
  this 
  point 
  the 
  cleavage-foli- 
  

   tion 
  is 
  parallel 
  with 
  the 
  stratification-foliation. 
  The 
  path 
  (now 
  on 
  

   the 
  right 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  torrent) 
  winds 
  up 
  and 
  over 
  a 
  great 
  mass 
  of 
  this 
  

   rock, 
  which 
  continues 
  to 
  dip 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  general 
  direction, 
  but 
  

   perhaps 
  not 
  quite 
  so 
  steeply, 
  the 
  strike 
  varying 
  between 
  E.S.E. 
  and 
  E. 
  

   Beautiful 
  examples 
  of 
  corrugation 
  are 
  displayed, 
  and 
  the 
  indepen- 
  

   dence 
  of 
  the 
  cleavage- 
  and 
  the 
  stratification-foliation, 
  though 
  in 
  general 
  

   the 
  two 
  are 
  coincident 
  in 
  direction, 
  is 
  indubitable. 
  The 
  accompany- 
  

   ing 
  diagram 
  (fig. 
  6, 
  p. 
  88) 
  — 
  a 
  fairly 
  careful 
  copy 
  of 
  a 
  part 
  where 
  the 
  

   cleavage-foliation 
  is 
  not 
  very 
  strongly 
  developed 
  and 
  cuts 
  across 
  a 
  

   corrugation 
  — 
  will 
  serve 
  to 
  prove 
  this, 
  and 
  will 
  indicate 
  how 
  closely 
  

   the 
  stratification-foliation 
  simulates, 
  if 
  it 
  does 
  not 
  signify, 
  a 
  structure 
  

   produced 
  by 
  some 
  kind 
  of 
  sedimentation. 
  As 
  the 
  path 
  approaches 
  

   the 
  brink 
  of 
  the 
  gorge 
  of 
  the 
  Tauern, 
  chloritic 
  schist 
  is 
  seen 
  to 
  rise 
  

   on 
  the 
  opposite 
  bank, 
  close 
  to 
  a 
  waterfall, 
  from 
  beneath 
  the 
  calca- 
  

   reous 
  schist, 
  the 
  change 
  from 
  the 
  one 
  rock 
  to 
  the 
  other, 
  indicated 
  

   by 
  a 
  little 
  ravine 
  and 
  a 
  pile 
  of 
  screes, 
  being 
  rather 
  rapid. 
  Presently 
  

   the 
  chloritic 
  schist 
  appears 
  on 
  the 
  right 
  bank, 
  the 
  calc-schist 
  be- 
  

   coming 
  at 
  its 
  base 
  harder 
  and 
  more 
  calcareous, 
  its 
  cleavage-foliation 
  

   (probably 
  coincident 
  with 
  the 
  other 
  structure) 
  dipping 
  to 
  S. 
  at 
  about 
  

   50°. 
  Screes 
  mask 
  the 
  actual 
  junction 
  ; 
  but 
  after 
  about 
  22 
  yards 
  the 
  

   chloritic 
  schist, 
  at 
  first 
  seemingly 
  rather 
  calcareous, 
  crops 
  out, 
  the 
  

   cleavage-foliation 
  dipping 
  as 
  before. 
  After 
  a 
  while 
  the 
  chloriric 
  

   schist 
  becomes 
  more 
  distinctly 
  banded, 
  chloritic 
  alternating 
  with 
  

   epidotic 
  layers, 
  as 
  the 
  felspathic 
  bands 
  are 
  associated 
  with 
  the 
  horn- 
  

   blendic 
  in 
  several 
  localities 
  in 
  the 
  Lizard 
  peninsula. 
  A 
  greenish 
  

   mica-schist, 
  intermediate 
  in 
  character 
  between 
  the 
  two 
  types, 
  or 
  

   oscillating 
  from 
  the 
  one 
  to 
  the 
  other, 
  which 
  succeeds, 
  finally 
  passes 
  

   into 
  a 
  typical 
  " 
  Tcallchaltiger 
  Schiefer" 
  containing 
  a 
  darkish 
  mica 
  with 
  

  

  