﻿274 
  PEOF. 
  J. 
  PBESTWICH 
  OX 
  THE 
  OCCFERFXCF 
  OF 
  

  

  subangular 
  flints, 
  of 
  Tertiary 
  flint-pebbles, 
  and 
  of 
  angular 
  frag- 
  

   ments 
  of 
  chert 
  and 
  ragstone 
  from 
  the 
  Lower 
  Greensand, 
  the 
  pro- 
  

   portion 
  of 
  the 
  former 
  decreasing 
  as 
  we 
  descend 
  the 
  valley, 
  and 
  that 
  

   of 
  the 
  latter 
  increasing 
  : 
  while 
  a 
  few 
  miles 
  down, 
  at 
  Dunks 
  Green, 
  

   Wealden 
  debris 
  appears. 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  important 
  patch 
  of 
  this 
  t; 
  river-drift 
  " 
  is 
  a 
  little 
  above 
  

   and 
  east 
  of 
  Ightham. 
  at 
  a 
  spot 
  called 
  Highfield. 
  It 
  there 
  forms 
  a 
  bed 
  

   o? 
  gravel 
  about 
  8 
  feet 
  thick 
  and 
  320 
  feet 
  above 
  O.D.. 
  or 
  of 
  60 
  feet 
  

   above 
  the 
  Shode. 
  Lower 
  down 
  there 
  are 
  terraces 
  of 
  scattered 
  river- 
  

   drift 
  at 
  Crowhurst. 
  on 
  the 
  right 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  stream, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  left 
  

   bank 
  between 
  Basted 
  and 
  Crouch, 
  at 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  level 
  of 
  from 
  

   300 
  to 
  320 
  feet. 
  Below 
  this 
  there 
  is 
  little 
  river-drift 
  to 
  be 
  met 
  

   with 
  until 
  we 
  reach 
  Dunks 
  Green 
  and 
  Shipborne. 
  where, 
  at 
  a 
  level 
  

   of 
  from 
  200 
  to 
  250 
  feet, 
  is 
  another 
  thin, 
  though 
  better-marked, 
  

   patch 
  of 
  gravel, 
  from 
  2 
  to 
  3 
  feet 
  thick 
  : 
  and 
  at 
  Broadfield, 
  on 
  the 
  

   opposite 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Shode, 
  there 
  are 
  a 
  few 
  scattered 
  flints 
  and 
  

   pebbles, 
  which 
  may 
  carry 
  the 
  river-drift 
  to 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  270 
  feet, 
  or 
  

   of 
  from 
  140 
  to 
  150 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  Shode. 
  There 
  is 
  another 
  small 
  

   patch 
  on 
  the 
  ridse 
  between 
  the 
  Shode 
  and 
  the 
  Mote 
  stream 
  (c, 
  r', 
  

   figs. 
  2. 
  3, 
  4, 
  p. 
  272). 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  small 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  Darent 
  basin 
  with 
  which 
  we 
  have 
  to 
  

   deal 
  there 
  are 
  very 
  few 
  ' 
  ; 
  river-drifts." 
  There 
  are 
  traces 
  of 
  gravel 
  

   below 
  Stonepit 
  and 
  Fuller 
  Street 
  which 
  may 
  be 
  referred 
  to 
  them 
  : 
  

   but 
  the 
  best-marked 
  patch 
  is 
  on 
  a 
  lower 
  level 
  in 
  the 
  railway-cutting 
  

   at 
  Child's 
  Bridge, 
  near 
  Seal. 
  This 
  latter 
  only 
  covers 
  a 
  few 
  acres, 
  

   is 
  from 
  4 
  to 
  5 
  feet 
  thick, 
  ochreous, 
  and 
  roughly 
  stratified. 
  It 
  is 
  

   composed 
  in 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  Lower 
  Greensand 
  debris*, 
  with 
  very 
  few 
  

   flints 
  and 
  flint-pebbles. 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  flints 
  are 
  pitted, 
  and 
  others 
  

   stained 
  brown 
  and 
  subangular. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  basin 
  of 
  the 
  Leybourne 
  stream 
  a 
  bed, 
  apparently 
  of 
  river- 
  

   gravel, 
  extends 
  from 
  below 
  Offham 
  Church 
  at 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  230 
  feet 
  to 
  

   West 
  Mailing, 
  where 
  its 
  level 
  at 
  St. 
  Leonard's 
  Tower 
  is 
  from 
  180 
  

   to 
  200 
  feet 
  above 
  O.D. 
  It 
  consists 
  of 
  subangular 
  flints, 
  chert, 
  and 
  

   Tertiary 
  pebbles 
  in 
  a 
  sandy 
  matrix. 
  There 
  are 
  no 
  pits 
  to 
  show 
  its 
  

   thickness. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  stream 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  slightly 
  

   lower 
  terrace 
  (described 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Topley) 
  capping 
  Leybourne 
  Hill 
  at 
  

   a 
  height 
  of 
  153 
  feet 
  above 
  O.D., 
  or 
  of 
  75 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  stream, 
  and 
  

   traces 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  are 
  visible 
  at 
  Larkfield 
  Heath. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  some 
  lower-level 
  gravels 
  near 
  Byarsh. 
  but 
  without 
  

   sections, 
  and 
  the 
  old 
  pit 
  on 
  this 
  level, 
  near 
  Leybourne 
  Church, 
  is 
  

   now 
  closed. 
  At 
  the 
  junction 
  of 
  this 
  valley 
  with 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Med- 
  

   way 
  there 
  is, 
  however, 
  a 
  large 
  pit 
  on 
  a 
  well-marked 
  terrace 
  about 
  

   60 
  feet 
  above 
  O.D., 
  capped 
  by 
  an 
  ochreous 
  gravel 
  composed 
  of 
  a 
  

   mixed 
  debris 
  of 
  subangular 
  flints, 
  weathered 
  chert, 
  and 
  Tertian- 
  

   flint-pebbles, 
  with 
  a 
  considerable 
  proportion 
  of 
  Wealden 
  pebbles 
  f. 
  

  

  Unfortunately 
  there 
  are 
  neither 
  river-shells 
  nor 
  Mammalian 
  

   remains 
  in 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  Shode 
  gravels 
  to 
  certify 
  to 
  their 
  character 
  ; 
  

  

  * 
  Mr. 
  Harrison 
  reports 
  one 
  fragment 
  of 
  Oldbury 
  stone 
  ; 
  but 
  this 
  may 
  have 
  

   come 
  from 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  hills 
  west 
  of 
  Oldbury. 
  

   t 
  See 
  Topley's 
  ' 
  Geology 
  of 
  the 
  Weald,' 
  p. 
  174. 
  

  

  