﻿spre 
  : 
  river-gravel 
  from 
  '2 
  to 
  4 
  feet 
  thick, 
  and 
  at 
  a 
  level 
  of 
  60-70 
  

  

  feet 
  above 
  the 
  Shode. 
  or 
  200-220 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  sea-level 
  (fig. 
  4, 
  

  

  272 
  . 
  Here, 
  in 
  a 
  1 
  lita 
  mfa 
  the 
  [ 
  Ik 
  I 
  i 
  riary, 
  and 
  Lower-Green- 
  

  

  sand 
  dettris, 
  the 
  drift 
  contains 
  small 
  flat 
  TVealden 
  pebbles, 
  and 
  is 
  

  

  relink 
  '-'-'- 
  '--'- 
  : 
  : 
  - 
  -i'-' 
  =■ 
  mri: 
  vi 
  ::";_: 
  :-k= 
  :: 
  .:". 
  :\\: 
  "^:;~r 
  — 
  ziinv 
  

   of 
  which 
  are 
  2 
  ewt. 
  or 
  mo:f 
  in 
  weight 
  — 
  which 
  it 
  contains. 
  Ronghly, 
  

  

  ::. 
  .■ 
  _v 
  ~ 
  .- 
  -~ 
  : 
  '-—'_ 
  ' 
  - 
  : 
  i 
  :: 
  — 
  

  

  Subangular 
  white 
  ftinta, 
  wiHi 
  Dthsn 
  db 
  re 
  worn 
  and 
  

  

  r 
  : 
  .-^i 
  £.—:: 
  :r: 
  — 
  - 
  '■;■;-_: 
  

  

  L:~t: 
  - 
  .■ 
  tt:: 
  >"-.-.-..". 
  *,' 
  : 
  -.:_ 
  :l::>s 
  :: 
  I 
  _:V; 
  urv 
  Sr-znr 
  . 
  ±5 
  ~ 
  .. 
  

  

  Tertiary 
  flint-pebbles 
  10 
  

  

  Wrilir^ 
  pf-::lr> 
  I 
  ■": 
  .. 
  

  

  A 
  low-level 
  patch 
  is 
  recognizable 
  abont 
  20 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  stream 
  

   s: 
  Hampton 
  Mills, 
  and 
  a 
  larger 
  spread 
  occurs 
  a 
  little 
  north 
  of 
  

   Hadlow 
  (at 
  110 
  feet), 
  near 
  its 
  junction 
  with 
  the 
  Medway-drift. 
  

   The 
  gravel, 
  which 
  is 
  there 
  intercalated 
  with 
  much 
  sand, 
  still 
  shows 
  a 
  

   preponderating 
  proportion 
  of 
  flints, 
  flint^pebbles, 
  and 
  Oldbury 
  

   Stone: 
  whereas 
  lower 
  down 
  the 
  valley 
  the 
  Shode-drift 
  becomes 
  

   merged 
  in 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Medway 
  : 
  and 
  at 
  Goose 
  Green, 
  where 
  the 
  

   gravel 
  is 
  10 
  feet 
  thick, 
  it 
  is 
  composed 
  of: 
  — 
  

  

  V-;::-- 
  :rz 
  .-: 
  : 
  : 
  -_ 
  :i 
  ! 
  . 
  : 
  ivy 
  ^: 
  nf 
  About 
  

  

  contributes 
  5 
  per 
  cent. 
  5 
  : 
  per 
  cent. 
  

  

  Angular, 
  white, 
  and 
  rolled 
  stained 
  ninte. 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  

  

  I-.-. 
  ::i— 
  £.: 
  -^-~':\-~ 
  lO 
  

  

  Wealden 
  d&ris 
  _ 
  T 
  - 
  „ 
  

  

  and 
  forms 
  a 
  low 
  terrace 
  137 
  feet 
  above 
  O 
  J)., 
  or 
  about 
  So 
  feet 
  above 
  

   the 
  Medway. 
  

  

  lie 
  ::-v_-.:::: 
  .- 
  "-- 
  : 
  ~ 
  :~f 
  -r 
  :z 
  '.'.'-: 
  >1: 
  :lr 
  is 
  in 
  ill 
  pr 
  :•": 
  a- 
  

   bility 
  derived 
  in 
  a 
  large 
  proportion 
  indirectly 
  from 
  the 
  older 
  or 
  

   hill-irir.>. 
  --r.d 
  -■:: 
  iireirlT 
  :r 
  :zi 
  :: 
  f 
  Li:-L's: 
  :-•_:. 
  Zri~:,iiis. 
  Never- 
  

   theless, 
  although 
  no 
  stream 
  now 
  flows 
  from 
  the 
  Chalk 
  hills, 
  at 
  an 
  

   early 
  stage 
  of 
  the 
  Shode 
  there 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  contributory 
  streams 
  

   from 
  the 
  escarpment 
  above 
  Ightham 
  ; 
  for 
  on 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  Chalk 
  

   Downs, 
  which 
  rise 
  above 
  the 
  head- 
  waters 
  of 
  the 
  Shode. 
  theif 
  n 
  

   considerable 
  outlier 
  of 
  Tertiary 
  sands, 
  shingle, 
  and 
  clay 
  (fig. 
  1, 
  

   , 
  i 
  ~2), 
  and 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  rain-water 
  falling 
  there, 
  instead 
  of 
  

   passing 
  at 
  once 
  into 
  the 
  Chalk, 
  lodges 
  in 
  the 
  Tertiary 
  strata 
  and 
  

   escapes 
  on 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  outlier. 
  In 
  ordinary 
  seasons 
  this 
  water 
  

   disappears 
  on 
  reaching 
  the 
  outside 
  Chalk-surface, 
  either 
  by 
  absorp- 
  

   tion 
  or 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  the 
  swallow-holes 
  common 
  in 
  such 
  areas 
  *. 
  

   But 
  in 
  times 
  of 
  excessive 
  rains 
  these 
  channels 
  of 
  drainage 
  prove 
  

   insufficient, 
  and 
  the 
  water 
  forms 
  torrential 
  streams 
  of 
  limited 
  

   extent, 
  which 
  follow 
  the 
  apparently 
  narrow 
  channels 
  of 
  extinct 
  

   watercourses 
  now 
  filled 
  up 
  with 
  the 
  flints 
  and 
  pebbles 
  carried 
  

   down 
  during 
  former 
  periods 
  of 
  great 
  rainfall: 
  and 
  this 
  debris 
  

   is 
  now 
  on 
  a 
  few 
  rare 
  occasions 
  broken 
  up 
  afresh 
  and 
  transferred 
  to 
  

   lower 
  levels. 
  Or 
  else 
  the 
  water, 
  sinking 
  down 
  through 
  fissures 
  and 
  

   swallow-holes 
  in 
  the 
  Chalk, 
  so 
  increases 
  the 
  volume 
  of 
  the 
  under- 
  

   * 
  The 
  author, 
  in 
  Quart 
  Joum. 
  ESc 
  Soft 
  to!, 
  x, 
  p. 
  22£ 
  

  

  