﻿PALEOLITHIC 
  FLINT 
  IMPLEMENTS 
  IN" 
  KENT. 
  287 
  

  

  the 
  summit 
  of 
  the 
  Lower-Greensand 
  range 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  Chalk-escarp- 
  

   ment, 
  where 
  they 
  occur 
  under 
  conditions 
  clearly 
  indicating 
  a 
  

   different 
  origin. 
  

  

  Although 
  these 
  implements 
  may 
  now 
  lie 
  on 
  the 
  bare 
  surface 
  of 
  

   the 
  Lower 
  Greensand 
  or 
  the 
  Chalk, 
  yet 
  they 
  are 
  almost 
  always 
  

   found 
  associated 
  either 
  with 
  the 
  remains 
  of 
  a 
  drift 
  of 
  transported 
  

   materials 
  or 
  of 
  a 
  brick-earth. 
  Flints 
  from 
  the 
  Chalk, 
  and 
  flint- 
  

   pebbles 
  from 
  the 
  Tertiary 
  strata 
  overlying 
  the 
  Chalk, 
  accompany 
  

   the 
  flint 
  implements 
  at 
  Lower 
  Bitchet, 
  Bewley, 
  Crouch, 
  Seal, 
  and 
  

   other 
  places. 
  These 
  drifts 
  point 
  to 
  a 
  transport 
  from 
  north 
  to 
  

   south, 
  though 
  with 
  them 
  there 
  is 
  always 
  mixed 
  a 
  certain 
  proportion 
  

   of 
  local 
  debris 
  of 
  the 
  chert 
  and 
  ragstone 
  of 
  the 
  Lower 
  Greensand, 
  

   the 
  latter 
  often 
  preponderating 
  almost 
  to 
  the 
  exclusion 
  of 
  the 
  others. 
  

   Worn 
  and 
  stained 
  subangular 
  flints 
  are 
  common 
  in 
  many 
  places, 
  

   more 
  especially 
  on 
  the 
  Chalk 
  hills. 
  

  

  The 
  implements 
  have 
  a 
  few 
  leading 
  characters 
  which 
  enable 
  us 
  

   to 
  separate 
  them 
  into 
  three 
  classes 
  : 
  — 
  1st. 
  Those 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  flint 
  

   still 
  shows 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  its 
  original 
  colour, 
  and 
  the 
  alteration 
  is 
  not 
  

   much 
  greater 
  than 
  in 
  Neolithic 
  flints. 
  2nd. 
  Those 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  

   surface 
  has 
  been 
  wholly 
  or 
  in 
  greater 
  part 
  altered 
  in 
  structure, 
  has 
  

   turned 
  from 
  black 
  to 
  white, 
  and 
  has 
  acquired 
  so 
  bright 
  a 
  patina 
  as 
  to 
  

   give 
  them 
  the 
  aspect 
  of 
  glazed 
  ware, 
  or, 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  termed, 
  a 
  porcellaneous 
  

   aspect 
  ; 
  sometimes 
  the 
  white 
  has 
  a 
  tinge 
  of 
  yellow. 
  These 
  specimens 
  

   generally 
  show 
  no 
  trace 
  of 
  wear, 
  and 
  are 
  sometimes 
  as 
  sharp 
  as 
  when 
  

   first 
  made. 
  3rd. 
  Those 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  flint 
  has 
  also 
  lost 
  its 
  original 
  

   colour, 
  and 
  has 
  been 
  stained 
  of 
  yellow, 
  ochreous, 
  or 
  brown 
  colours, 
  

   often 
  very 
  dark, 
  with 
  or 
  without 
  patina. 
  The 
  latter 
  brown 
  imple- 
  

   ments 
  are 
  generally 
  much 
  rolled 
  and 
  worn, 
  like 
  the 
  brown-stained 
  

   natural 
  flints 
  with 
  which 
  they 
  are 
  associated. 
  

  

  The 
  characters 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  class 
  call 
  for 
  no 
  particular 
  observation 
  ; 
  

   those 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  and 
  third 
  are 
  so 
  marked 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  difficulty 
  

   in 
  referring 
  them 
  each 
  to 
  a 
  distinct 
  matrix. 
  The 
  white 
  porcellaneous 
  

   aspect 
  is 
  acquired 
  by 
  imbedment 
  in 
  a 
  stiff 
  brick-earth 
  or 
  loess, 
  

   generally 
  of 
  a 
  reddish 
  colour, 
  as 
  typified 
  in 
  the 
  instance 
  of 
  Warean's 
  

   pit, 
  St. 
  Acheul, 
  where 
  all 
  the 
  implements 
  from 
  the 
  stiff 
  red 
  brick- 
  

   earth 
  have 
  acquired 
  this 
  bright 
  white 
  aspect. 
  These 
  white 
  imple- 
  

   ments 
  also 
  occasionally 
  exhibit 
  dendritic 
  markings. 
  The 
  ochreous 
  

   and 
  brown 
  coating 
  seems 
  to 
  result 
  from 
  imbedment 
  in 
  particular 
  

   ferruginous 
  beds 
  of 
  sand 
  or 
  gravel, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  Shrub 
  Hill 
  

   (Norfolk) 
  and 
  other 
  localities. 
  

  

  With 
  regard, 
  again, 
  to 
  the 
  2nd 
  group, 
  I 
  have 
  little 
  doubt 
  that 
  the 
  

   fine 
  porcellanous 
  specimen 
  (PI. 
  X. 
  fig. 
  8) 
  from 
  Seal 
  Chart 
  Common 
  

   came 
  from 
  the 
  reddish 
  clay 
  or 
  loess, 
  of 
  which 
  a 
  thin 
  remnant 
  fills 
  the 
  

   uneven 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  disturbed 
  Folkestone 
  beds. 
  Similar 
  specimens 
  

   occur 
  in 
  the 
  short 
  deep 
  valley 
  which 
  runs 
  up 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  

   Oldbury 
  Hill 
  by 
  Patch 
  Grove, 
  Kilnfield, 
  and 
  Sty 
  ants 
  Bottom, 
  although 
  

   no 
  brick-earth 
  is 
  seen 
  there 
  ; 
  but 
  near 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  the 
  valley, 
  at 
  

   Crown 
  Point, 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  small 
  deposit 
  of 
  brick-earth, 
  in 
  which 
  

   a 
  large 
  white 
  palaeolithic 
  flake 
  was 
  found 
  at 
  the 
  depth 
  of 
  4 
  ft. 
  A 
  

   few 
  porcellaneous 
  specimens 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  same 
  level, 
  of 
  

  

  Q. 
  J. 
  G. 
  S. 
  No. 
  178. 
  y 
  

  

  