﻿AT 
  SAINT 
  CKOSS, 
  SOUTH 
  ELMHAM, 
  IN 
  SUFFOLK, 
  

  

  505 
  

  

  white 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  separation 
  is 
  very 
  indefinite. 
  The 
  surface 
  of 
  

   the 
  deposit 
  where 
  it 
  meets 
  the 
  superjacent 
  gravel 
  and 
  top-soil 
  is 
  

   deeply 
  undulated, 
  and 
  it 
  rests 
  unconformably 
  upon 
  the 
  bed 
  below, 
  

   the 
  junction-line 
  being 
  straight 
  and 
  strongly 
  marked. 
  Beneath 
  the 
  

   brickearth 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  level 
  floor 
  of 
  fine 
  tenacious 
  clay 
  of 
  a 
  grey 
  or 
  

   blue 
  tint, 
  in 
  places 
  stained 
  orange 
  and 
  red, 
  and 
  seamed 
  near 
  the 
  

   base 
  with 
  partings 
  of 
  dark 
  sand 
  or 
  loam. 
  Towards 
  the 
  south 
  end 
  

   of 
  the 
  section, 
  this 
  clay 
  gives 
  place 
  to, 
  or 
  is 
  obscured 
  by, 
  a 
  succession 
  

   of 
  mounds 
  of 
  loosely 
  compacted 
  silt 
  or 
  fine 
  shingle, 
  full 
  of 
  small 
  

   rounded 
  pebbles 
  of 
  chalk. 
  Underlying 
  the 
  clay 
  is 
  a 
  thick 
  bed 
  of 
  

   black 
  peaty 
  loam, 
  in 
  places 
  sandy, 
  but 
  generally 
  stiff 
  and 
  wet, 
  and 
  

   smelling 
  as 
  strongly 
  of 
  decaying 
  organisms 
  as 
  the 
  mud 
  of 
  a 
  marsh- 
  

  

  Diagr 
  am- 
  section 
  in 
  Saint-Cross 
  Brickyard. 
  

   (Scale 
  8 
  feet 
  to 
  1 
  inch.) 
  

  

  feet. 
  

  

  a. 
  Surface-soil 
  and 
  gravel 
  1 
  to 
  3 
  

  

  b. 
  Red 
  and 
  white 
  loam 
  ; 
  variable 
  ; 
  fine 
  or 
  coarse 
  ; 
  

  

  sandy 
  or 
  calcareous. 
  Elephant, 
  horse, 
  &c. 
  

  

  at 
  base 
  of 
  bed 
  3 
  to 
  5 
  

  

  c. 
  Fine 
  tenacious 
  grey 
  and 
  red 
  clay, 
  with 
  car- 
  

  

  bonaceous 
  seams 
  towards 
  the 
  base. 
  Val- 
  

  

  vata, 
  By 
  thin 
  ia, 
  Pisidium 
  2 
  to 
  5 
  

  

  d. 
  Black, 
  peaty 
  loam 
  and 
  sand 
  worked 
  to 
  a 
  

  

  depth 
  of 
  5 
  feet, 
  but 
  no 
  bottom 
  reached. 
  

   Seeds 
  and 
  freshwater 
  shells 
  5 
  

  

  e. 
  Chalky 
  Boulder-clay. 
  

  

  drain. 
  The 
  surface 
  of 
  this 
  lower 
  bed, 
  particularly 
  in 
  the 
  southern 
  

   portion 
  of 
  the 
  section, 
  is 
  very 
  uneven, 
  sometimes 
  swelling 
  up 
  in 
  

   bosses, 
  and 
  sometimes 
  sinking 
  in 
  deeply 
  scooped 
  hollows. 
  Near 
  the 
  

   north-east 
  corner 
  of 
  the 
  brickyard 
  the 
  verge 
  of 
  the 
  black 
  bed 
  has 
  

  

  