﻿506 
  ME. 
  C. 
  CANDLER 
  ON 
  SOME 
  LACUSTRINE 
  DEPOSITS 
  

  

  been 
  penetrated 
  and 
  the 
  Boulder-clay 
  below 
  reached, 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  

   centre 
  of 
  the 
  section 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  yet 
  been 
  able, 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  water- 
  

   logged 
  condition 
  of 
  the 
  deposit, 
  to 
  ascertain 
  its 
  depth 
  : 
  nor 
  have 
  I 
  

   yet 
  the 
  means 
  of 
  estimating 
  the 
  superficial 
  area 
  of 
  these 
  freshwater 
  

   beds. 
  The 
  brickyard 
  is 
  bounded 
  on 
  the 
  south 
  by 
  the 
  highroad, 
  

   beyond 
  which 
  Mr. 
  Aldous, 
  the 
  tenant 
  of 
  the 
  property 
  — 
  to 
  whom 
  I 
  

   am 
  much 
  indebted 
  for 
  the 
  help 
  he 
  has 
  given 
  me 
  — 
  has 
  made 
  some 
  

   small 
  excavations 
  by 
  way 
  of 
  experiment 
  ; 
  and 
  he 
  says 
  that 
  the 
  loam 
  

   extends 
  at 
  least 
  300 
  yards 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  workings, 
  

   and 
  that 
  he 
  has 
  also 
  found 
  traces 
  of 
  it 
  on 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  

   little 
  brickyard 
  stream. 
  

  

  For 
  convenience 
  of 
  reference, 
  I 
  have 
  tabulated 
  the 
  beds 
  as 
  shown 
  

   on 
  p. 
  505, 
  though 
  the 
  whole 
  series 
  is 
  nowhere 
  exposed 
  in 
  actual 
  

   section. 
  

  

  As 
  excavation 
  is 
  in 
  active 
  progress, 
  the 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  pit 
  varies, 
  and 
  

   varies 
  considerably, 
  from 
  week 
  to 
  week, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  impossible 
  to 
  give 
  

   a 
  measured 
  section, 
  the 
  details 
  of 
  which 
  will 
  stand 
  good 
  for 
  more 
  

   than 
  a 
  few 
  days. 
  I 
  have, 
  however, 
  indicated 
  above, 
  1 
  believe 
  with 
  

   some 
  approach 
  to 
  accuracy, 
  the 
  general 
  succession 
  of 
  the 
  beds. 
  

  

  The 
  list 
  of 
  fossils 
  obtained 
  from 
  the 
  Saint-Cross 
  deposits 
  is 
  as 
  yet 
  

   very 
  imperfect, 
  and 
  will 
  no 
  doubt 
  be 
  largely 
  added 
  to 
  when 
  the 
  for- 
  

   mation 
  has 
  been 
  more 
  carefully 
  studied. 
  The 
  base 
  of 
  bed 
  b 
  has 
  

   yielded 
  some 
  teeth 
  and 
  a 
  great 
  number 
  of 
  fragments 
  and 
  splinters 
  

   of 
  bones 
  and 
  horns, 
  a 
  selection 
  of 
  which 
  Mr. 
  E. 
  T. 
  Newton 
  has 
  

   kindly 
  looked 
  through 
  and 
  determined 
  the 
  following 
  species 
  *: 
  — 
  

  

  Elephas 
  (primigenius 
  ?). 
  2 
  lumbar 
  vertebras 
  and 
  some 
  fragments 
  

   of 
  limb-bones. 
  

  

  Equus 
  caballus. 
  4 
  teeth. 
  

  

  Bos 
  taurus, 
  var. 
  primigenius. 
  Upper 
  portion 
  of 
  tibia. 
  

  

  Oervus, 
  sp. 
  Teeth 
  and 
  fragments 
  of 
  bones 
  and 
  horns 
  in 
  great 
  

   plenty. 
  

  

  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  above, 
  I 
  have 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  vertebral 
  

   column 
  of 
  a 
  fish, 
  which 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  yet 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  identify, 
  but 
  

   which 
  is 
  probably 
  a 
  pike. 
  

  

  Bed 
  c 
  contains 
  root-fibres 
  and 
  bone-fragments, 
  but 
  the 
  latter 
  are 
  

   so 
  disintegrated 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  difficult 
  to 
  remove 
  and 
  impossible 
  to 
  

   identify 
  them. 
  The 
  same 
  bed 
  contains 
  the 
  following 
  shells 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Bythinia 
  tentaculata 
  and 
  Valvata 
  piscinalis, 
  both 
  of 
  which 
  range 
  

   through 
  the 
  whole 
  series, 
  and 
  are 
  in 
  places 
  extremely 
  

   abundant. 
  

  

  Pisidium 
  amnicum. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  Clement 
  Eeid 
  has 
  washed 
  and 
  examined 
  about 
  40 
  pounds 
  of 
  

   material 
  from 
  the 
  lowest 
  attainable 
  portion 
  of 
  bed 
  d, 
  and 
  has 
  

   detected 
  seeds 
  of 
  the 
  following 
  plants, 
  with 
  two 
  exceptions 
  all 
  

   marsh 
  or 
  aquatic 
  species 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  * 
  I 
  cannot, 
  unfortunately, 
  speak 
  with 
  certainty 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  exact 
  position 
  in 
  

   which 
  all 
  these 
  bones 
  were 
  found, 
  as 
  they 
  had, 
  many 
  of 
  them, 
  been 
  taken 
  from 
  

   the 
  matrix 
  some 
  time 
  before 
  I 
  saw 
  them. 
  

  

  