﻿562 
  MR. 
  E. 
  A. 
  WALFOED 
  ON 
  SOME 
  BRYOZOA 
  FROM 
  THE 
  

  

  argillaceous 
  beds 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  series 
  of 
  fossils 
  has 
  been 
  -col- 
  

   lected 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Quarry 
  {Inferior 
  Oolite) 
  near 
  New 
  Inn, 
  SJiipton 
  Gorge. 
  

  

  ft. 
  in. 
  

  

  1. 
  Humus 
  1 
  2 
  

  

  2. 
  Compact 
  grey 
  limestone, 
  weathering 
  brown, 
  

  

  broken 
  and 
  rubbly 
  1 
  9 
  

  

  3. 
  Grey 
  and 
  brown 
  marls, 
  with 
  fragments 
  of 
  lime- 
  

  

  stone, 
  Bryozoa, 
  Sponges, 
  &c 
  ." 
  4 
  

  

  4. 
  Broken 
  limestone, 
  rather 
  argillaceous 
  6 
  

  

  5. 
  Grey 
  and 
  brown 
  marly 
  clay, 
  with 
  Bryozoa, 
  

  

  Sponges, 
  &c 
  1 
  2 
  

  

  6. 
  Compact 
  grey 
  limestone, 
  somewhat 
  marly 
  and 
  

  

  oolitic. 
  Basenot 
  shown 
  3 
  

  

  From 
  this 
  one 
  locality 
  I 
  am 
  able 
  to 
  recognize 
  about 
  fifty 
  different 
  

   forms 
  representing 
  twelve 
  or 
  more 
  genera, 
  the 
  number 
  being 
  nearly 
  

   equal 
  to 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  those 
  described 
  by 
  Haime 
  from 
  the 
  Lias 
  to 
  

   the 
  Kimeridge 
  Clay. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  outset 
  one 
  has 
  to 
  consider 
  the 
  question 
  as 
  to 
  how 
  far 
  it 
  

   is 
  possible, 
  or 
  rather 
  practicable, 
  to 
  travel 
  in 
  the 
  recognition 
  of 
  

   cell-form 
  and 
  disregard 
  of 
  zoarial 
  growth. 
  Certainly, 
  to 
  put 
  the 
  

   latter 
  wholly 
  aside 
  would, 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  state 
  of 
  classification, 
  lead 
  

   to 
  utter 
  confusion, 
  and 
  hence, 
  for 
  a 
  time, 
  the 
  present 
  system 
  must 
  

   be 
  adhered 
  to. 
  Nevertheless, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  necessary 
  to 
  acknowledge 
  

   the 
  great 
  variability 
  of 
  zoarial 
  form, 
  a 
  fact 
  which 
  Prof. 
  Smitt's 
  

   series 
  of 
  papers 
  * 
  has 
  demonstrated 
  beyond 
  a 
  doubt. 
  To 
  some 
  

   extent 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  my 
  endeavour 
  to 
  follow, 
  in 
  the 
  examination 
  of 
  this 
  

   series 
  of 
  fossil 
  Bryozoa, 
  the 
  laws 
  of 
  evolution 
  he 
  has 
  so 
  well 
  traced. 
  

  

  Successive 
  writers 
  have 
  suggested 
  divisions 
  for 
  the 
  Cyclostomata, 
  

   which 
  each 
  author 
  in 
  turn 
  has 
  modified 
  or 
  altered, 
  but 
  amongst 
  

   them 
  the 
  simple 
  divisions 
  of 
  Mr. 
  Waters 
  f, 
  based 
  upon 
  the 
  Hincksian 
  

   system, 
  seem 
  most 
  feasible. 
  He 
  proposes 
  " 
  that 
  we 
  should 
  divide 
  

   the 
  Cyclostomata 
  into 
  two 
  subdivisions, 
  namely, 
  first 
  the 
  Parallelata, 
  

   or 
  those 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  zoarium 
  is 
  to 
  a 
  considerable 
  

   extent 
  formed 
  of 
  the 
  lateral 
  walls 
  of 
  the 
  zooecia, 
  of 
  which 
  Crista, 
  

   Entalophora, 
  Diastopora, 
  and 
  Tubulipora 
  may 
  be 
  taken 
  as 
  types: 
  and, 
  

   secondly, 
  the 
  Rectangulata, 
  or 
  those 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  zooecia 
  or 
  cancelli 
  

   open 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  axis 
  or 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  

   zoarium 
  or 
  subcolony, 
  of 
  which 
  Heteropora, 
  Lichenopora, 
  &c. 
  may 
  

   be 
  taken 
  as 
  typical." 
  Still 
  later, 
  Marsson 
  in 
  his 
  beautifully 
  illus- 
  

   trated 
  memoir 
  on 
  the 
  Bryozoa 
  of 
  the 
  Eiigen 
  Chalk 
  i, 
  re-arranges 
  

   the 
  Cyclostomata, 
  leaning 
  largely 
  upon 
  the 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  sub- 
  

   sidiary 
  cells, 
  the 
  importance 
  of 
  which 
  he 
  thinks 
  has 
  been 
  overlooked. 
  

   Students 
  of 
  the 
  Hincksian 
  system 
  will 
  look, 
  however, 
  with 
  dismay 
  

   at 
  a 
  classification 
  which 
  groups 
  under 
  one 
  family 
  Heteropora 
  and 
  

   Spiropora, 
  whilst 
  it 
  widely 
  separates 
  Defrancia 
  and 
  Diastopora. 
  

  

  * 
  "Kritisk 
  Forteckn. 
  ofv. 
  Skand. 
  Hafs-Bryozoer," 
  af 
  F. 
  A. 
  Smitt, 
  Ofyers. 
  

   af 
  K. 
  Yet.-Akad. 
  F6rh 
  v 
  1864-8 
  & 
  1871. 
  

  

  t 
  "On 
  Tertiary 
  Cyclost. 
  Bryozoa 
  from 
  New 
  Zealand," 
  by 
  A. 
  W. 
  "Waters, 
  

   Quart. 
  Journ. 
  Geol. 
  Soc. 
  vol. 
  xliii. 
  (1887), 
  p. 
  337. 
  

  

  | 
  " 
  Die 
  Bryozoen 
  der 
  weiss. 
  Schreibkr. 
  der 
  Insel 
  Eiigen," 
  Pal. 
  Abh. 
  Dames 
  

   u. 
  Kayser, 
  Band 
  iv. 
  Heft 
  i. 
  (Berlin, 
  1887). 
  

  

  