﻿596 
  mr. 
  g. 
  w. 
  lamplttgh: 
  ox 
  the 
  

  

  also 
  readily 
  be 
  traced, 
  in 
  places, 
  high 
  up 
  on 
  the 
  ridge 
  between 
  Black 
  

   and 
  Middle 
  Cliffs, 
  and 
  I 
  have 
  seen 
  it 
  in 
  exposures 
  on 
  the 
  shore. 
  

   The 
  clay 
  is 
  very 
  tenacious, 
  and, 
  besides 
  showing 
  many 
  smaller 
  con- 
  

   cretions 
  scattered 
  irregularly 
  here 
  and 
  there, 
  includes 
  a 
  band 
  of 
  

   rather 
  large 
  pale 
  brown 
  nodules. 
  Towards 
  the 
  centre 
  it 
  becomes 
  

   browner 
  in 
  colour, 
  and 
  contains 
  numerous 
  small 
  pellets 
  of 
  fine- 
  

   grained 
  iron 
  pyrites, 
  which, 
  when 
  closely 
  examined, 
  are 
  often 
  found 
  

   to 
  encrust 
  small 
  Echinoderms. 
  The 
  bed 
  cannot 
  be 
  described 
  as 
  very 
  

   fossiliferous, 
  but 
  it 
  contains 
  a 
  fair 
  number 
  of 
  small 
  well-preserved 
  

   specimens, 
  and 
  a 
  close 
  search 
  reveals 
  a 
  considerable 
  and 
  interesting 
  

   fauna. 
  

  

  The 
  smaller 
  slender 
  variety 
  of 
  Belemnites 
  jaculum 
  is 
  rather 
  abun- 
  

   dant 
  and 
  in 
  good 
  condition, 
  sometimes 
  showing 
  its 
  rarely-preserved 
  

   phragmocone. 
  The 
  Ammonites 
  occur 
  chiefly 
  near 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   bed, 
  and 
  all 
  that 
  I 
  have 
  seen 
  are 
  small 
  in 
  size. 
  The 
  fine-ribbed 
  

   variety 
  of 
  Amm. 
  speetonensis 
  reappears, 
  and 
  is 
  accompanied 
  by 
  

   several 
  allied 
  forms, 
  including 
  Amm. 
  Astierianus. 
  When 
  a 
  collection 
  

   of 
  these 
  small 
  Ammonites 
  is 
  made, 
  specimens 
  are 
  found 
  with 
  cha- 
  

   racters 
  intermediate 
  between 
  the 
  allied 
  species 
  ; 
  and 
  I 
  am 
  inclined 
  

   to 
  think 
  that 
  the 
  various 
  forms 
  of 
  this 
  closely-related 
  group 
  may 
  be 
  

   the 
  result 
  of 
  the 
  decadence 
  and 
  splitting 
  up 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  Amm. 
  

   speetomnsis 
  and 
  its 
  near 
  neighbour 
  Amm. 
  Astierianus. 
  

  

  The 
  Eoraminifera, 
  which 
  are 
  of 
  large 
  size 
  and 
  well 
  preserved, 
  

   occur 
  curiously, 
  being 
  found 
  cemented 
  together 
  in 
  small 
  hard 
  pellets, 
  

   not 
  often 
  larger 
  than 
  shot-corns. 
  

  

  But 
  the 
  most 
  interesting 
  palaeontological 
  feature 
  of 
  the 
  bed 
  is 
  the 
  

   abundance 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  Echinoderm. 
  The 
  tests 
  of 
  this 
  group 
  have 
  

   been 
  considered 
  so 
  rare 
  in 
  the 
  series 
  that 
  we 
  had 
  Judd's 
  authority 
  

   for 
  regarding 
  a 
  solitary 
  specimen 
  preserved 
  in 
  the 
  Scarborough 
  

   Museum 
  as 
  unique, 
  though 
  the 
  occasional 
  occurrence 
  of 
  beautiful 
  

   detached 
  spines 
  of 
  Cidaris 
  of 
  large 
  size 
  at 
  various 
  horizons 
  showed 
  

   that 
  these 
  animals 
  were 
  not 
  unrepresented 
  in 
  the 
  seas 
  of 
  the 
  period. 
  

   The 
  identification* 
  of 
  my 
  specimens 
  as 
  Echinospatangus 
  cordi- 
  

   formis, 
  Breyn., 
  a 
  highly 
  characteristic 
  Xeocornian 
  type, 
  is 
  important, 
  

   and 
  leads 
  me 
  to 
  doubt 
  the 
  correctness 
  of 
  the 
  gisement 
  assigned 
  to 
  

   the 
  Scarborough 
  fossil, 
  which 
  Judd 
  (who 
  records 
  it 
  as 
  Toxaster 
  

   complanatus, 
  Ag., 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  numerous 
  synonyms 
  of 
  Ecliinospatangus 
  

   cordiformis) 
  supposes 
  to 
  have 
  come 
  from 
  his 
  " 
  zone 
  of 
  Amm. 
  Astieri- 
  

   anus" 
  (=zBel. 
  lateralis-zone 
  of 
  my 
  section). 
  The 
  specimen 
  is 
  in 
  a 
  

   somewhat 
  different 
  state 
  of 
  preservation 
  from 
  those 
  I 
  have 
  found, 
  as 
  

   it 
  is 
  imbedded 
  in 
  a 
  claystone 
  nodule 
  ; 
  but 
  this 
  nodule 
  has 
  the 
  soft 
  

   brown 
  character 
  of 
  those 
  occurring 
  in 
  this 
  bed, 
  and 
  1 
  think 
  there 
  

   is 
  every 
  probability 
  that 
  it 
  came 
  from 
  this 
  or 
  a 
  neighbouring- 
  

   horizon. 
  

  

  T 
  have 
  found 
  a 
  single 
  example 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  in 
  a 
  pale 
  bed 
  about 
  

   20 
  feet 
  higher 
  in 
  the 
  section, 
  in 
  the 
  zone 
  of 
  Bel. 
  semicanaHcitfatv.s 
  

   (fig. 
  6); 
  but, 
  with 
  this 
  exception, 
  all 
  I 
  have 
  yet 
  obtained 
  have 
  come 
  

   from 
  the 
  bed 
  just 
  described, 
  C 
  3 
  of 
  fig. 
  5, 
  and 
  to 
  this 
  bed, 
  therefore, 
  

   I 
  think 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  the 
  fossil 
  may 
  well 
  be 
  applied. 
  

  

  * 
  By 
  Messrs. 
  G. 
  Sharman 
  and 
  E. 
  T. 
  Newton. 
  

  

  