270 T. M. READE ON ROCK-FRAGMENTS FROM 
18. Further Nores on Rocx-rraements from the Sours of Scorhanp 
imbedded in the Low-LevEL BounpErR-cuay of LancasHtre. By 
T. Metrarp Reapr, Esq., C.H., F.G.S. (Read February 20, 
1884.) ) 
Iy my paper on the Drift-beds of the North-West of England, Part 
I.*, I gave certain identifications of granites from Criffel and the 
neighbourhood of Dumfries made by Mr. Patrick Dudgeon from 
specimens I forwarded to him in 1882, these being confirmatory of 
Mr. Mackintosh’s previous discovery of Criffel granite in the Lanca- 
shire Drift. Im August of this year I had an opportunity of trayel- 
ling from Dumfries through Kirkcudbright to Wigtonshire, when I 
paid special attention both to the rocks in sttw and to the boulders 
lying about the country, with the following results. 
In Kirkeudbright there are two large and distinct masses of 
granite, rising through the Silurian strata, which generally rest 
nearly vertical and are repeated in fold after fold. The easternmost 
of these granite masses rises 1800 feet above the sea, and forms 
the grand isolated mountain called Criffel. The westernmost mass, 
occupying not less than 50 square miles7, rises to 2331 feet in the 
mountain called Cairnsmore of Fleet, which is also an isolated granite 
boss; but the surrounding Silurians rise to a higher level than at 
Criffel. The Cairnsmore granite is of a coarser nature than that of 
Criffel ; though in a vein at Creetown, no doubt connected under- 
ground with the main granitic mass, is a guarry, belonging to the 
Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, which has supplied for many years 
the granite used in the construction of the Liverpool Docks, which 
is of a more compact nature and finer grain. 
All round Criffel in the low country and near the coast are to be 
found numerous granite boulders, all of them more or less rounded, - 
and none showing marks of glaciation either by plane surfaces or 
striations. At Kirkbean I took chippings of several, which were used 
in the building of a field-wall; among them were a dark granite and 
a reddish-coloured granite, no doubt ali variations of Criffel granite, 
and such as I could match from the Lancashire Drift. Close by 
a road-stone quarry in the Silurian Greywackes, about 5 miles 
S.E. of Dalbeattie, there were many boulders of a dark red granite, 
which I can also match by specimens from the Lancashire Drift ; 
and I take these also to be local variations of the Criffel granite. 
The Dalbeattie grey-granite quarries are also in the Criffel-granite 
mass, and I believe we have all these varieties of granite rocks in 
the Lancashire Drift. 
The granite of Creetown is very similar to the Dalbeattie granite ; 
and here can be seen the junction between the granite and the 
* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxxix. p. 119. 
t This is only a very rough approximation. The Survey explanation of 
sheet 4 says—30 square miles of it are exposed in sheet 4 (p. 18). 
