THE SOUTH OF SCOTLAND. 271 
Silurians, and specimens of granite veins penetrating the Greywacke 
can be taken with the altered Silurian adhering to both sides. This 
fine-grained vein granite can also be matched by granite fragments 
in the Drift about Liverpool. 
In ascending the Moneypool Burn from Creetown I found among 
the boulders a granite with light pink felspar not unlike the Eskdale 
granite. This has, no doubt, been derived from Cairnsmore of Fleet, 
in which the burn rises. . 
In Palnure Burn, at Talnotry, a splendid junction of the granite 
and metamorphosed Silurians can be seen, and specimens taken 
showing the granite and gneiss adhering. I ascended Craignelder, 
a spur of Cairnsmore, 1971 fect high. The mountain is literally 
covered with splendid granite boulders which weather white. I 
cannot help remarking that here is a sublime study for a painter in 
the harmony existing between the mountain and its fragments,—no 
erratics—all one grand harmony of granite. [am led to believe from 
what I saw, that many of the coarser grey granites of the Lancashire 
Drift have come from Cairnsmore of Fleet. 
But I was most interested in the Silurian Greywackes, for here 
were undoubtedly the parent rocks which have yielded many of the 
fragments found in the Low-level Boulder-clay about Liverpool. 
The identifications I consider unmistakable, and I exhibit specimens 
side by side from the Boulder-clay and from the Greywackes of 
Wigtonshire. These rocks seem never before to have been identified 
with Lancashire drift rocks; and before I traversed them from 
Kirkcudbright to the Isle of Whithorn and Luce Bay these numerous 
fragments, partly distinguished by the small veins of the carbonates of 
baryta and lime traversing them, were a puzzle to me. The colour 
of the Greywacke ranges through dark blue and grey to a deep 
purple red*. “It varies in texture from a fine-grained mudstone to 
a coarse gritty sandstone, and occurs in beds from 6 inches to 6 feet 
thick.” The Survey memoir explanatory of sheet 4 says (p. 13) :— 
*« The section which perhaps best shows the characteristic features 
of these thick grits and massive greywackes (the Queensbury Grit 
Group) runs along a line of cliffs called the Craigs of Garheugh at 
the side of the road from Glenluce to Port William.” I have 
compared a specimen I took from these “ Craigs’’ with some obtained 
from the Low-level boulders of Great Crosby, Lancashire ; they are 
identical. Also a specimen of the red greywacke of the Ardwell 
group obtained by me at Innerwick fishery, a few miles north of 
Garliestown, is matched by specimens from Great Crosby, as are some 
of the rocks in and near the Isle of Whithorn. 
But it is the general appearance of the group of rocks, and 
long familiarity with drift specimens of the Low-level Boulder-clay 
that most convinces me. Unfortunately I did not ascend to the 
summit of Cairnsmore of Fleet; but the Survey memoir says of this 
granite t:—‘‘ The general colour of the granite is grey, shading 
* These greywackes are well described in the explanations of sheets 1, 2, & 4, 
Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Scotland. 
+ Explanation of sheet 4, p. 18. 
er me: 
a 
