394 REV, A. IRVING ON THE DYAS (PERMIAN) 
along the hill the massive limestones (Z,) have been removed, and 
the strata of the horizons Z,, Z, are of a finer and more calcareous 
nature; and here the original stratification would seem to have been 
obliterated by development of concretionary structure on a large 
scale, perhaps since the removal of the massive limestones. {Here it 
is worth while to note again the parallelism so frequently repeated 
between the conglomeratic Upper Rothliegende and the Rauchwacke 
of the Middle Zechstein. | . 
The actual junction of the Zechstein dolomites (Z,) was seen 
clearly in one quarry ; and there the lowest Bunter strata rest, with 
a breccia for their basement-bed,:upon the eroded surface of the 
Upper Zechstein dolomites. The fragments included in the breccia 
are partly ragged weathered fragments of the limestone itself, partly 
derived from the strata of the horizons Z, and Z,. 
The Bunter strata yielded only small sections here and there, 
though enough to show that they are much contorted and dislocated, 
one or two actual faults being exposed to open day. In some of the 
beds of sandstone of this series fragments whose origin could without 
a doubt be traced to the strata of the horizons Z, and Z, (fig. 9) of 
the neighbouring hill, were found by me enclosed in the red sand- 
stone. We thus have, in addition to the brecciated basement-bed 
shown in the figure, unequivocal evidence of the extensive erosion 
of the Zechstein strata in this region before the deposition of the 
lower Bunter strata. 
At the south-east end of the hill the dip of the Zechstein and 
Bunter is observed to be the same, so that, if the junction of the two 
series were not seen, it might be inferred that there was a conformable 
sequence between them. At this particular spot the Bunterschiefer 
are less broken up by faults than towards the other end of the hill, 
and a country road happens to traverse the open country here in a 
direct line north and south. The strike of the thin sandy strata of 
the lower Bunter is seen for a considerable distance running due N. 
and 8. along the line of this road; so that there is a discordancy of 
strike between the strata of the Bunter and those of the Zechstein 
of something like 45° of the compass. We are here near the end of 
the dolomite ridge of the Zechstein, and the map shows the Bunter 
passing beyond the end of this ridge and reposing against the 
Rothliegende, until finally it overlaps this and rests against the 
schists to the south. These facts, taken along with those mentioned 
in the description of the section, especially the discordancy of strike 
of the two series, suggest a marked unconformity, as a little 
consideration willshow. If we could restore the Bunter strata here 
to their original position of deposition, and the Zechstein strata to 
the position in which they must have been placed relatively to the 
Bunterschiefer, when the latter were deposited upon them, we should 
necessarily have them in the position in which they existed in early 
Triassic times. The discordancy of strike now observed would then 
appear as an unconformity of stratification. 
One or two remarks ought further to be made here on the 
general discordancy of deposition of the Bunter series upon the 
