760 PROF. J. W. JUDD ON THE NATURE AND RELATIONS OF 
All who have paid much attention to the subject have been 
convinced that coal-seams, if found under London, would probably 
prove to be, as a whole or in part, of the anthracitic variety. This 
being the case, it is interesting to notice that in the junction-beds 
above and below the Great Oolite at Richmond, fragments of 
anthracite mingled with pebbles of Coal-measure sandstone and other 
hard rocks from the Paleozoic ridge were found in considerable 
abundance. That these fragments of anthracite occurred in the 
rocks and were not accidentally introduced I was able to prove 
beyond the possibility of doubt by actually taking them out of the 
hard calcareous matrix in which they were imbedded. 
Hence we are irresistibly led to the conclusion that at the period 
when the Jurassic strata were being deposited, portions of the old 
Paleozoic ridge were above the sea-level, and that among the rocks 
of this old ridge were Coal-measure sandstones with seams of 
anthracite. That these fragments of anthracite were derived from 
no very distant locality may be inferred from. the brittle nature of 
the substance. 
From this interesting observation I think we may conclude that 
the “Coal under London” has really been found, though as yet, 
unfortunately, not in situ. 
APPENDIX. 
On the Great-OorttE Fosstzs found im the Ricnmonp and TorrenHAM- 
Covrt-Roap WELLs, 
As Prof. T. Rupert Jones has kindly undertaken the description 
of the Ostracoda and Foraminifera, Dr. G. J. Hinde of the Sponges, 
and Mr. G. Vine of the Bryozoa from these strata, it will only be 
necessary for me to give a short account of the peculiarities of some 
of the other forms of life found in these interesting deposits. 
A complete series of specimens from the Richmond well will 
eventually be placed in the British Museum, with a set of duplicates 
from Meux’s well. The original series of Mr. C. Moore belongs to 
the Bath Museum, and to these will be added for comparison a set, 
as nearly complete as possible, of the Richmond fossils. 
The fossils of the clay at Richmond, though unworn, consist for 
the most part of disjointed ossicles and spines, and of small and 
immature specimens. Those from Meux’s well are much eroded 
and often covered with a thick coating of calcic carbonate, so that 
in many instances it is difficult to make out even the genera to which 
they belong. 
Gasteropoda are extremely common in the Meiewel washings, 
but they are for the mest part young shells, and very imperfectly 
preserved. With respect to the supposed freshwater forms, I am 
unable to add anything to the notes of Mr. C. Moore*. Some of 
the limestones from this well preserve good hollow casts of Nerinea, 
* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxxiy. (1878), p. 920. 
