GREAT EARTHQUAKE OF SEPTEMBER TENTH 361 



scanty provisions were replenished from the abundance of dead fish 

 washed np by the earthquake wave, and the men started for Yakntat Vil- 

 lage, 30 miles distant. 



Often the boats had to be carried bodily across the compact jam of 

 icebergs, and it was only after several days^ hard work that Yakntat was 

 reached. 



It was found in 1905 that the earth movement with which these earth- 

 quakes were associated was along seven or more fault-lines, involved the 

 tilting and jostling of three or more blocks of the earth's crust in Yakutat 

 Bay. Accompanying this were changes of level of the land including 

 uplifts of 7 to 10 feet on the southeast side of the bay, 40 to 47 feet on 

 the northwest side, as well as the submergence of coasts from 5 to 7 feet. 

 One of the faults bounding these blocks is at least 30 miles long, another 

 is over 17. Eight miles west of the prospectors' camp the coast was 

 uplifted 47:^ feet, Wo miles southeast there was a 7V2-foot uplift, while 

 at their camp there was no change of level. The distribution of these 

 faults and changes of level is shown in figure 5. Along faults A, B, E, 

 and F the movement was a renewal of faulting along old faults. Along 

 several of the faults 4]/'2 i^iles west of the prospectors' camp, new reefs 

 were raised above sealevel. Seventeen miles southeast, near Nunatak 

 Glacier, minor faulting broke a hill into strips, 29 step faults from a few 

 inches to nearly 8 feet high being observed in 1905. 



All these phenomena, more fully described elsewhere,^® might be pre- 

 sumed to have taken place during the great earthquake at noon on Sep- 

 tember 10, because this is the only shock of this series which is known to 

 have been accompanied by water waves in Disenchantment Bay or at 

 Yakutat Village, and it is inconceivable that such notable faulting, eleva- 

 tion, and submergence could have taken place without great water waves. 

 Dr. H. F. Eeid has suggested that weak, unobserved water waves accom- 

 panied faulting along faults A and B during the early shock of Septem- 

 ber 10, and that the movement along faults C, D, E, F, G, and H caused 

 the great earthquake of September 10, the September 3d faulting having 

 been at Yakataga, as suggested above. 



The avalanches during this and the other earthquakes of this series 

 resulted in a brief spasmodic advance of the Galiano Glacier between 

 1899 and 1905,^^ followed by similar advances of the Variegated, Haenke, 

 Atrevida, and Marvine lobe of Malaspina Glacier between 1905 and 



^ R. S. Tarr and Lawrence Martin : Recent changes of level in Alaska. Bull. Geol. 

 Soc. Am., vol. 17, 1906, pp. 29-64, and in a professional paper of the U. S. Geological 

 Survey In preparation. 



3^ R. S. Tarr and Lawrence Martin : Glaciers and glaciation of Yakutat Bay, Alaska. 

 Bull, Amer. Geog. Soc, vol. xxxviil, 1906, pp. 152-153. 



XXVI — Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 21, 1909 



