EARTHQUAKES OF SEPTEMBER 11 TO 29 373 



mals as well as man, and nausea. Shorelines were uplifted as much as 

 47:1 feet and depressed as much as 5 feet in Yakutat Bay. New reefs 

 were uplifted. Shattering of ice-fronts caused increased iceberg dis- 

 charge for many tidal glaciers. Muir Glacier subsequently retreated 8 

 miles in 8 years. Avalanches caused a series of glacier floods, after an 

 interval dependent on the length of the ice-tongue. Seven or more gla- 

 ciers near Yakutat Bay had brief spasmodic advances with enormous 

 crevassing within ten years, including part of Malaspina Glacier. The 

 front of Hidden Glacier has advanced over two miles. There was no 

 loss of life and scarcely any damage to property within the shaken area. 



EARTHQUAKES OF SEPTEMBER 11 TO 29, 1899 



Light after-shocks were felt at Yakutat all through the night of Sep- 

 tember 10 and others during the remainder of the month. 



On the 11th a few slight shocks were noted at the Cape Whitshed 

 Coast Survey camp near the Copper Eiver delta. The earthquakes felt 

 between the 12th and 16th were not precisely recorded, because the uproar 

 of heavy storms then raging made it hard and uncertain to determine 

 time and duration. 



On September 15 severe shocks at 7.15 and 7.30 p. m. at Yakutat 

 caused E. W. Beasley's lamps to swing and kettles to beat against each 

 other, lasting long enough for him to run out of doors. At Skagway^^ the 

 shocks came at 8.20 and 8.40 p. m., the first lasting 50 seconds. It caused 

 electric lights to sway 18 inches and stopped pendulum clocks. Some 

 liouses moved; a pier and several liouses were damaged; men staggered 

 in walking. The shocks were reported by telegraph from Lake Bennett, 

 on the Klondike trail. 



On September 17 a shock was felt at Skagway, but not at Yakutat or 

 Cape Whitshed. 



On September 23 eight shocks were felt at Cape Whitshed; that at 

 1.22 a. m. lasted 2 minutes — long enough for a man to jump out of cot 

 and light candles. It woke the Coast Survey party from sleep, causing a 

 plumb bob to vibrate with half-second oscillations with an amplitude of 

 10 inches from northwest to southeast. It consisted of a short shock, 

 followed after a few seconds by one of longer duration. The after- 

 shocks came at Ih. 28m. 9s., lasting 2 seconds; at Ih. 3m. 9s. with equal 

 duration; at Ih. 40m. 9s., consisting of two short shocks of a second 

 each; at Ih. 41m. 51s., consisting of two shocks lasting a quarter of a 



'7 Seattle Post-InteUIgencer, September 23, 1899; Chicago Daily Tribune, September 

 23, 1899; Victoria Semi-Weelsly Colonist, September 25, 1899; Seattle Weekly Times, 

 October 4, 1899. 



