ANT STRUCTURES 



467 



At fazenda Bello Horizonte, about 18 kilometers north of the village of 

 Pegas, the ant-hills are so large and stand so thickly upon the ground 

 that they form one of the most striking illustrations I have ever seen of 

 the work of these insects. An area of some 30 acres or more is there 

 covered with mounds resembling haycocks. They probably average 2 

 meters in height and a diameter of 4 or 5 meters at the base. 



At a place called Ponte Nova, on Eio Utinga, 8 kilometers north of 

 the village of Pegas, the ant-hills are a remarkable feature of the land- 

 scape. To the east and northeast of the Protestant college the mounds 



Figure 2. — Ant-hill {Formiga de mandioca) near Mundo Novo, State of Bahia, Brazil 

 From a photograph by R. Crandall, 1907 



cover the old fields. One of the accompanying photographs (figure 2, 

 plate 35) and figure 1 were made in this region. 



In the region south of Morro do Chapeo, in the State of Bahia, they 

 are equally large on the clayey soils derived from the Caboclo shales. 



The accompanying illustrations were made from photographs taken 

 near Mundo Novo and Ventura, in that area. 



Farther east in the State of Bahia, in the vicinity of Serrinha, a sta- 

 tion on the Sao Francisco Eailway, the ant-hills are large and abundant. 



