GOUGH'S CAVE PECTORAL GIRDLE AND UPPER LIMBS 

 Table 2 Comparative clavicular osteometries (mean, SD. n). 



97 



Gough's Cave 



LUP/Meso 6 



LUP/Meso 9 



Right claviculae 

 Maximum length 

 Articular length 

 Conoid length 

 Mid-proximal SI diameter 

 Mid-proximal AP diameter 

 Conoid SI diameter 

 Conoid AP diameter 



Left claviculae 

 Maximum length 

 Articular length 

 Conoid length 

 Mid-proximal SI diameter 

 Mid-proximal AP diameter 

 Conoid SI diameter 

 Conoid AP diameter 



(135) 

 128.3 

 102.9 

 14.6 

 12.3 

 12.7 

 17.7 



135.9 

 132.2 

 104.4 

 11.4 

 12.6 

 13.5 

 17.8 



143.4,6.4,8 

 138.2,6.7,8 

 110.7,2, 10 

 11.8, 1.7,10 

 11.7,0.8, 10 

 12.6,3.7, 10 

 17.7, 1.9, 10 



145.4,9.0,10 

 140.6,9.1,10 

 109.6,9.8,13 

 11.8,2.1, 16 

 11.7,0.8,16 

 11.0, 1.7, 15 

 17.2.3.0, 15 



129.4,2.7,5 



126.3,3.6,5 



100.4.7.6.7 



9.8,0.5,7 



10.3,0.9,7 



9.8, 1.4, 10 



15.2, 1.8, 10 



128.0,-, 2 

 125.6. -.2 

 98.8,5.4,4 

 10.0,0.8,6 

 9.8. 1.3,6 

 10.0, 1.1,8 

 14.2, 1.3.7 



All measurements are in mm and are defined in Table 1. 



Table 3 Mid-shaft clavicular cross-sectional properties (mean, SD). 



Gough's Cave 



LUP/Meso S 

 (n=4) 



LUP/Meso 9 

 (n=2) 



Right claviculae 



Total area (TA) (mm-) 



Cortical area (CA) (mm-) 



Medullary area (MA) (mm-) 



SI 2nd moment of area (I^) (mm'') 



DV 2nd moment of area (I ) (mm"*) 



Maximum 2nd moment of area (I„,^^) (mm") 



Minimum 2nd moment of area {l^^J (mm") 



Polar moment of area (J) (mm") 



Percent cortical area (%CA) 



I/I 



Left claviculae 



Total area (TA) (mm-) 



Cortical area (CA) (mm-) 



Medullary area (MA) (mm-) 



SI 2nd moment of area (I J (mm") 



DV 2nd moment of area (1 ) (mm") 



Maximum 2nd moment of area (I^^^) (mm") 



Minimum 2nd moment of area (l^^^j (mm") 



Polar moment of area (J) (mm") 



Percent cortical area (%CA) 



I/I 



124.9 



87.3 



37.6 



1319.8 



1154.2 



1752.1 



721.9 



2474.0 



69.9 



1.14 



2.43 



118.9 



73.9 



45.0 



999.6 



1084.4 



1505.1 



578.9 



2084.0 



62.2 



0.92 



2.60 



107.4, 8.0 

 84.0, 7.8 

 23.4, 7.2 

 869.5,198.1 

 884.1,96.2 

 1001.2,131.3 



752.5, 139.5 

 1753.7,264.2 

 78.3.6.1 

 0.981,0.185 

 1.343,0.113 



(n=4) 

 122.0,24.5 

 91.2,23.9 

 30.8, 3.7 

 1316.6.671.8 

 1016.9,325.7 

 1398.1,626.5 

 935.5,364.1 

 2333.5, 990.4 

 74.2,4.7 

 1.240,0.307 

 1 .468, 0.099 



68.8 



57.0 



11.8 

 450.9 

 305.4 

 473.0 

 283.3 

 756.3 



82.9 

 1.487 

 1.690 



(n=3) 

 81.5,17.9 

 64.1,13.1 

 17.3,5.1 

 559.3,215.9 

 498.9,192.0 

 591.6,177.9 

 466.7, 232.5 

 1058.3,405.5 

 79.0,2.2 

 1.127,0.081 

 1.433,0.517 



See text for definition of measurements. 



the M. pectoralis major origin area on the right-side bone; on the 

 left-side there is some mild rugosity along the entire superior 

 margin of the attachment area for this muscle). On the left clavicle 

 there is a clearly defined insertion area for M. 

 sternocleidomastoideiis. beginning with a small but well defined 

 projecting crest medially. This crest continues laterally as a nar- 

 row, mildly rugose strip extending about 25mm along the superior 

 edge of the shaft. The right-side clavicle lacks a clearly marked 

 insertion for M. stemocleidomastoideus, but instead has some 

 poorly defined, mild rugosity in this area. On both sides, the M. 

 subclaviiis attachment falls on a narrow ridge medially (between 

 the M. pectoralis major origin area ventrally and the dorsal sur- 

 face of the shaft dorsally) but broadens out as it nears the conoid 

 tubercle on the proximal part of the acromial process. Here there 

 is some mild rugosity (on the right, the left-side is largely non- 

 rugose) and the attachment area is defined dorsally by a ridge 



running to and joining the conoid tubercle. There is also a slight 

 ridge, more prominent in the right clavicle, separating the M. 

 subclaviiis origin area ventrally from the M. deltoideus attachment 

 area. The area of origin of M. deltoideus is weathered and dam- 

 aged on the right-side, but on the left it can be seen as a well 

 defined, rugose and projecting crest. 



The conoid tubercles are large and project both inferiorly and 

 dorsally. Both have long ridges extending medially from the tuber- 

 cles (these ridges form the dorsal margins of the M. subclavius 

 attachment areas). The trapezoid line on the left clavicle (this area is 

 damaged on the right clavicle) is not overly rugose but is clearly 

 visible. The acromial facets are poorly defined. The M. trapezius 

 attachment areas are rugose on both acromial processes. 



The Gough's Cave 1 claviculae are compared to those of late 

 Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic (LUP/Meso) males and females in 

 Tables 2 and 3. 



