100 



S.E. CHURCHILL 



4a 5a 4b 5b 4c 5c 4d 5d 



Figs 4, 5 Cough's cave 1 humeri in ventral (a), medial (b), dorsal (c) and lateral (d) views; 4, right-side humerus; 5, left-side humerus; x 0.37. 

 Table 5 Comparative scapular dimensions (mean, SD, n) 



Cough's Cave 1 

 (right) 



LUP/Meso 6 

 (right -I- left) 



LUP/Meso ? 

 (right -I- left) 



Morphological length 

 Axillary border length 

 Glenoid articular length 

 Glenoid articular breadth 

 Glenoid index' 



100.0 

 126.6 



34.7 

 24.8 

 71.5 



139.4.34.6.4 

 129.9,5.6.9 

 35.7 2.5.8 

 26.6. 1.7.6 

 73.7.2.2.6 



123.0, -.2 

 32.1. 1.7,7 

 23.1. 1.4,7 

 72.1,4.1,7 



All measurements are in millimeters and are defined in Table 4. 

 " Glenoid index = (articular breadth/articular length) xlOO. 



The aiticular surfaces of the heads are fairly round, the left-side 

 seems to be somewhat more oval shaped (with the long axis running 

 superoinferiorly) than the right. The articular surfaces are smooth 

 (save for erosional damage) and free of any signs of degeneration. 



The right humerus has some erosion over the lateral surface of the 

 greater tubercle, and the only muscle attachment area not eroded is 

 the 'facet' for the insertion of M. teres minor. On the left-side the 

 greater tubercle is well preserved, revealing a distinct 'facet" for M. 

 teres minor and a more diffuse attachment area for M. supraspinatus 

 and M. infraspinatus. The attachment area for these muscles is 

 smooth and there is no clear separation between the facets for the two 

 muscles. Both sides have pronounced intertubercular sulci formed 



medially by superoinferior running pillars extending from the lesser 

 tuberosities along the insertion areas for M. latissimus dorsi and M. 

 teres major, and laterally by pronounced crests for M. pectoralis 

 major. The pillars are non-rugose (except at the muscle attachment 

 areas) and the M. pectoralis major scars are only mildly rugose. 



The deltoid tuberosities are not pronounced, but appear instead as 

 slightly projecting, rugose crests. Indentations can be seen on both 

 sides at the intersection of the proximal deltoid tuberosity with the 

 inferior portion of the attachment of the pectoralis major muscle (the 

 indentation is sightly more pronounced on the right-side). The 

 indentation is best seen in medial or lateral view (Figs 4b, 4d, 5b, 5d). 

 On the right-side there is a very slight musculoskeletal stress marker 



