28 
DESCRIPTION. Colony erect, evidently articulated in life judging 
from the slight but abrupt tapering of the proximal end of the 
holotype specimen, the internodes very slender with subparallel 
sides, more-or-less straight, and with or without a barely discernible 
sigmoid flexure, 0.31—0.37 mm diameter. Autozooids alternating, in 
six longitudinal series, proportionately elongate but fish- not spin- 
dle-shaped, i.e., with the distal end convexly rounded and the 
proximal end concavely rounded; length = 0.39—0.47 mm, width up 
to 0.22—0.24 mm at the widest part of the zooid. Zooidal boundaries 
worn in the present material, with no discernible raised boundary 
lines. Cryptocyst as in C. minus, but the lateral ridges converging to 
become continuous distally. Opesia-orifice more-or-less D-shaped, 
as wide as that in C. minus but proportionately longer (0.07—0.08 
mm), with a small rounded denticle on either side of the proximal 
rim (but not in the corners) and lacking a median convexity. Avicularia 
not seen. Ovicells present, the opening somewhat semicircular 
(possibly eroded) and slanting upwards at an angle so that the distal 
rim of ovicellate zooids is higher than in autozooids; internode a 
little wider in diameter where ovicellate zooids occur. 
REMARKS.  Cellaria perexigua is almost as diminutive as C. minus 
and is likewise distinguished from the other Cenozoic Australasian 
species on the grounds of very small size. It closely resembles C. 
minus but may be distinguished from it by the shape of the autozooid 
(not spindle-shaped), the distal convergence of the cryptocystal 
ridges, and the lack of a median convexity in the proximal rim of the 
opesia-orifice, instead having a pair of small, separated denticles. 
Cellaria elementaria sp. nov. Figs 76-78 
HoLotyPeE. IGNS BZ 195-1, from Pukekio, Chatham Island. 
PARATYPES. IGNS BZ 195-2; NHM BZ 4784-4785. 
NAME. From the Latin, elementarius, pertaining to first principles, 
1.e., a very typical Cellaria. 
DESCRIPTION. Colony erect, probably articulated in life, the 
internodes 0.74—1.14 mm in diameter, parallel-sided for part of their 
length, but tending to widen distally where ovicells occur. Autozooids 
alternating, in 13-15 longitudinal series, unevenly hexagonal in 
shape with the proximal and distal sides shorter than the lateral 
angles of the hexagon; length = 0.29-3.47 mm, width up to 0.20— 
0.34 mm at the widest part of the zooid. Cryptocyst granular, the 
cryptocyst ridges confined to the zooidal margins, with thin furrows 
between adjacent zooids. Opesia-orifice more-or-less D-shaped, 
relatively large in proportion to the sunken part of the cryptocyst 
which it resembles in size, a little wider (0.13—0.19 mm) than long 
(0.09-0.11 mm), the median proximal rim slightly produced as a 
thin crescent (concave in the middle) whose ends delimit slight 
opesiular indentations at the corners of the orifice. Avicularia not 
seen. Ovicellate zooids 0.37—0.45 mm long including the ovicell 
(broken in the present material), whose diameter is a little smaller 
than that of the opesiae from which it is separated only by the thin 
distal wall of the zooid. 
REMARKS. This unremarkable species appears not to be conspecific 
with any of the other Australasian Cenozoic members of Cellaria. 
Cellaria aff. depressa Maplestone, 1900 Figs 79-81 
aff. 1900 Cellaria depressa Maplestone, 1900: 167, pl. 18, fig. 15. 
D.P. GORDON AND P.D. TAYLOR 
aff. 1904 Cellaria depressa Maplestone; Maplestone: 193. 
MATERIAL. IGNS BZ 212-214, from Pukekio, Chatham Island; 
two internodes definitely conspecific, with a third, somewhat larger, 
internode probably also of this species. 
DESCRIPTION. The two smaller internodes: colony erect and ar- 
ticulated in life, internodes 2.19—2.40 mm long, widest distally (0.65 
mm diameter), tapering proximally (0.41—0.52 mm diameter). 
Autozooids in 9-10 longitudinal series, rounded distally, truncate 
proximally; length = 0.32—0.47 mm, width = 0.24—0.30 mm, widest 
at mid-length where the lateral margins are acutely angled. Zooidal 
boundaries in the slightly eroded specimens marked by a thin 
shallow groove. Cryptocyst sunken for much of its length in the 
smaller, less-eroded, specimen, less so in the other specimen, sur- 
face granular, the cryptocyst ridges converging to become continuous 
distally. Opesia-orifice at the deepest part of the cryptocyst, a little 
wider (0.09—0.11 mm) than long (0.06—0.08 mm), the proximal rim 
with a thin, median, crescent-shaped section where the two ends of 
the crescent are expressed as small denticles. Avicularia not appar- 
ent. Fertile zooids sparse, marked by a conspicuous cavity (the front 
evidently broken) immediately distal to the zooidal orifice. 
Third internode somewhat more eroded, 2.81 mm long, with a 
diameter of 0.70-0.84 mm, and 13 longitudinal series of autozooids. 
Zooidal dimensions as in the two smaller internodes, the orifices 
have an identical proximal rim but are slightly higher-arched, and 
the broken ovicells have the same appearance. One zooid near the 
proximal end of the internode may have been aviculiferous; it has an 
inverse pear-shaped opesia sunken in the centre, surrounded by 
concentrically arranged calcification. 
REMARKS. If the larger, third internode obtained from the Red 
Bluff Tuff is conspecific with the two smaller internodes then the 
Chatham Island specimens have many of the characters of Cellaria 
depressa Maplestone, 1900 from Shelford and Campbell’s Point, 
Victoria (Miocene) (Maplestone, 1904). Using the magnification 
scale in Maplestone (1900), a C. depressa internode measures 1.02 
mm diameter and the zooids are 0.50—0.59 mm long, i.e., larger than 
the Red Bluff Tuff specimens, but the width of zooids and orifices is 
the same. It is likely that the Chatham Island material is not 
conspecific with C. depressa, but more specimens (with more 
characters) are needed of both the Chatham Island and Australian 
populations for a definite conclusion to be reached. 
Genus SMITTICELLARIA gen. nov. 
TYPE SPECIES. Cellaria tectiformis Hayward & Cook, 1979. 
DIAGNOsIS. Colony erect, branching in one plane, unjointed or 
with secondarily developed fractures at bifurcations that are secured 
by frontally produced rhizoids. Autozooids Cellaria-like, with trans- 
versely bean-shaped opesia-orifices and proximal pivots. Avicularia 
vicarious, with one occurring on the upper side of each bifurcation 
and others scattered elsewhere. Ovicell with the opening small, 
occurring within the distal border of the maternal zooid. 
NAME. The name is a composite of Smittipora and Cellaria, 
alluding to the combination of morphological characters of these 
genera. 
REMARKS. As Hayward (1995) has remarked, the classification of 
Figs 65-70 Aspidostoma cinnabarina sp. nov., IGNS BZ 192, holotype. 65, disposition of autozooids and ovicellate zooids, x 35. 66, autozooidal orifice, 
x 290. 67, ovicellate zooids, x 65. 68, ovicell, x 170. 69, boundary between opposing zooids (some missing), some of which are incompletely formed, x 
32. 70, interzooidal avicularium, x 250. 
