CRESWELLIAN HUMAN UPPER LIMB REMAINS 



15 



Fig. 9 Left scapula, M.54058, 0.9x natural size. 9A, ventral; 9B, lateral: 9C, dorsal. 



secondary growth centres, this individual was also an adult. The left 

 scapula M. 54059 appears to have come from a smaller individual, 

 perhaps either a female or a juvenile male. 



All three of the preserved glenoid fossae have articular surfaces 

 that are wide relative to their height (Table 5). especially those of 

 M. 54056 and M. 54057. These two specimens have glenoid indices 

 (100 X articular breadth/articular height) more than five (M. 54056) 

 and three (M.54057) standard deviations above the Upper Palaeolithic 

 male mean index values. It is apparent from a comparison of their 

 articular dimensions with those of other Upper Palaeolithic-associ- 

 ated fossils (Table 5) that these inflated index values are due to the 

 relative superoinferior shortness of their glenoid articular surfaces. 



Stringer (1985) saw the left scapula M.54058 as possessing a 

 bisulcate axillary border, a feature that is fairly common in Upper 

 Palaeolithic specimens. This specimen does exhibit, in addition to a 

 ventrally positioned sulcus, a sulcus dorsal of the infraglenoid 

 tubercle and proximal axillary crest. It is evident however that the 

 dorsal sulcus does not extend distally more than a centimeter below 

 the infraglenoid tubercle, and for this reason I think the specimen is 



Table 5 Comparative scapular glenoid fossa articular dimensions. 





Articular length 



Articular breadth 



Glenoid Index-' 



M.54056 (right) 



28.0 



25.2 



90.0 



M.54057 (left) 



29.5 



24.3 



82.4 



M.54058 (left) 



30.8 



23.1 



75.0 



U.P. males 









right 



36.1 ±2.3 (6) 



25.8 ± 2.2 (5) 



72.3 ± 2.6 (5) 



left 



36.3+1.2(8) 



25.6 ±1.3 (7) 



70.2 ±3.5 (7) 



U.P. females 









right 



33.1 ± 1.1 (4) 



23.7 ± 1.6(4) 



71.7 ±5.5 (4) 



left 



33.2 ± 1.1 (4) 



23.4 + 0.8(4) 



70.5 ± 2.4 (4) 



Fig. 10 Left scapula, M. 54059, natural size. lOA, ventral; lOB, dorsal. 



All measurements are in millimeters and are defined in Table 4. 

 ■' Glenoid index = (articular breadth/articular length) * 100. 



