LATE CRETACEOUS-EARLY TERTIARY ECHINOIDS 



101 



Fig. 10 Camera lucida drawings of plating in Echinogalerus species, a, c, 

 ?E. vetschaiiensis (Schliiter, 1902) from the Maastrichtian of the coast 

 west of Cabo Mayor (Santander, Cantabria); a, BMNH EE6164, adoral 

 ambulacrum, peristome opening at base; c, BMNH EE 6165, apical disc; 

 b, d, E. muelleri (Schluter, 1902), BMNH EE4412a from Olazaguti 

 pass, Navarra; b. adoral ambulacrum \, peristome margin at base; d. 

 apical disc. Scale bars = I mm. 



Diagnosis. Test up to 12 mm, width ca. 95% of length, height ca. 

 60% of length. Outline ovate with widest point at midlength; de- 

 pressed in profile, with relatively flat base. Apical disc tetrabasal 

 with posterior genital plates abutting. Ambulacra narrow; pores 

 double aborally, but small, oblique and widely spaced; pores uniserial 

 except adorally where they are arranged into oblique arcs of three. 

 All ambulacral plating simple. Peristome small (6-7% of test length 

 along the anterior-posterior axis); slightly oblique. Periproct 

 subambital, transverse and trigonal; only slightly larger than the 

 peristome in length, but considerably wider. Tuberculation relatively 

 dense over the oral surface. 



Occurrence. Maastrichtian, horizons 2 and 4, Santander. The 

 type comes from the Upper Maastrichtian of Vetschau, near Aken, 

 Germany. It is also known from the Kurade limestone facies. Upper 

 Maastrichtian of the Maastricht region. 



Material studied. 



37522. 



BMNH EE6 134-36, EE6 164-66, MGB 



Remarks. Distinguished from E. muelleri by its flatter lower 

 surface, its much smaller peristome and by having pore-pairs offset 

 into triads towards the peristome. These features also separate E? 

 vetschauensis from E. belgicus, but in addition, E. belgicus (at least 

 as interpreted in Van der Ham et al, 1987) has rudimentary aboral 

 pores aborally that appear to be single. 



This species bears a strong resemblance to Galerites 

 sulcatoradiatus (Goldfuss), a species that grows to much greater 

 size. Both have offset pore-pairs adorally and both have a similar 



small peristome and periproct. With further study, and better and 

 more diverse material, E? vetschauensis may turn out to be simply 

 small individuals of G. sulcatoradiatus. 



Family ECHINOLAMPADIDAE Gray, 1851 

 Genus GITOLAMPAS Gauthier. 1889 



Diagnosis. Ovate to subpentagonal in outline; oral surface planar; 

 margins rounded; upper surface planar to low subconical. Apical 

 system tetrabasal or monobasal, anterior of centre, with four 

 gonopores. Periproct longitudinal; opening on posterior surtace 

 within shallow sulcus. Petals subparallel, open distally; pore col- 

 umns subequal. Peristome anterior, pentagonal, transverse, with 

 vertical-walled vestibule. Phyllodes moderately well developed, 

 with an outer and inner series of pores, the outer series being slightly 

 bowed. No bourrelets. Basicoronal interambulacral plates wider 

 than long. Buccal pores present. A narrow zone free of primary 

 tubercles runs along the interradial suture between the peristome and 

 posterior border. 



Gitolampas subrotundus (Cotteau, 1856) 



PI. 3, figs 12-14 



1 856 Pvgorhynchus subrotundus Cotteau, in Leymerie & Cotteau: 

 334. 



1857 Echinanthus subrotundus Desor, in Desor 1855-58: 293. 



1 888 Echinanthus subrotundus Desor; Cotteau, in Cotteau 1885a- 



89a: 586, pis 173, 174, pL 175, figs 1-3. 

 71908 Echinanthus arizensis Cotteau; Lambert: 366. 

 1908 Echinanthus Heberti Cotteau; Lambert: 367. 

 71908 Echinanthus Cotteaui Hebert; Lambert: 368. 

 1908 Echinanthus Gourdoni Cotteau; Lambert; 368. 

 1975 Echinanthus arizensis Lambert; Plaziat et al.: 631, pi. 2, 



figs 1,3. 



Diagnosis. Test up to 87 mm in length; width 85-95% of length, 

 height ca. 30-36%. Outline subcircular to weakly ovate and some- 

 what pointed at the posterior; lower surface relatively flat or slightly 

 sunken towards the peristome, with rounded margins. Upper surface 

 low domal. Apical system obscured in our specimens, but probably 

 monobasal; lying 40% test length from the anterior border. Petals 

 well developed, extending most of the distance to the ambitus in plan 

 view; equally wide with interporal zone twice the width of the pore 

 zone; open distally. Anterior petal extending 75-80% the distance to 

 the ambitus in plan view, posterior petals extending 70-80% the 

 distance. Peristome 40% test length from the anterior; strongly 

 transverse and pentagonal. Phyllodes moderately well developed 

 consisting of an outer series of ca. nine pores and inner series of two 

 or three pores. Buccal pores present at outer margin of vestibular 

 entrance to peristome. 



Occurrence. Upper Thanetian, P. pseudomenardii Zone, hori- 

 zon 10, Santander. Also known from Lower Thanetian to Lower 

 Ypresian localities in the French and Spanish Pyrenees and the 

 Villarcayo basin (Burgos province, northern Spain). The type 

 (Leymerie collection, Toulouse) comes from the 'Montian' of Fabas 

 ( Ariege, France), and it is also known from several other localities in 

 Ariege (Sabarat, le Mas-d'Azil, Campagne, Montardit, Cainarade 

 and Saint-Jean-de-Verges) and Haute-Garonne (Martres, Saint- 

 Marcet, Aurignac, Montbrun, Marsoulas). 



Material studied. BMNH EE6 1 73, MGB 37573. 



Remarks. This .species is easily distinguished from others 



