120 MOLLUSCA FROM THE CRAG. 



2. Littorina (?) suBOPEitTA. /. Sow. Tab. X, fig. 13. 



Vivipaka suboperta. J. Sow. Min. Conch, t. 31, fig. 6, 1813. 

 Littorina suboperta. Morris. Cat. of Brit. Foss. p. 149. 



— — Nyst. Coq. foss. de Belg. p. 388, pi. 37, fig. 1, 1844. 



L. Testa elongato-conicd, cr asset, rvgosd ; apice acuto ; anfractibus angustis, convexi- 

 usculis ; ultimo ad basim subangulato ; aperturd ovatd ; columella callosd. 



Shell elongato-conical, thick, and rugose, with an elevated spire, and acute 

 apes ; whorls depressed, elongated, subangulated at the base of the volution ; aper- 

 ture ovate, slightly contracted above and below; columella callous, left lip 

 spreading over the unbilicus. 



Axis, f of an inch. 



Locality. Red Crag, Sutton, "Walton, Newbourn, and Bawdsey. 



Specimens of this species may be found in numerous localities, but all which I 

 have seen are in a mutilated and altered condition, having been more or less 

 rubbed and broken. The shell is thick and strong, and generally rugose, except 

 in those specimens that have been rubbed or eroded. The inner lip is rather 

 extended, forming a small callosity, and covering the umbilicus. 



Fossarus,* Phil. 1841. 

 Phasianema. iS 1 . Wood, 1842. 



Gen. Char. " Shell semiglobose, umbilicate, with an entire semicircular aper- 

 ture, left or inner lip without folds (edentulous), never callous ; umbilicus open ; 

 outer lip sharp, smooth within ; operculum semiorbicular, corneous, not spiral." 



Such are the characters given for a genus of shells by M. Philippi (in En. Moll. 

 Sic. 1844, p. 147), and which he states to have been previously published in ' Archiv 

 f. Naturgesch,' 1841. This is the revival of the name Fossar, used by Adanson, 

 in his excellent work upon the Mollusca of Senegal in 1757, and which species 

 M. Philippi considers as the type of the genus. "When compiling my Catalogue, 

 I was not aware of the existence of this genus ; the name of Phasianema there 

 proposed must of course give place to that by M. Philippi. 



* Since the above has been in the press, I have discovered, in Mr. Gray's List of Genera, the name of 

 Forsar, Gray, for this genus, with a date of 1840. 



