﻿236 DEVONIAN FAUNA. 



specimens which are at all similar to them in the Godwin- Austen Collection, it 

 seems most probable that they must be those referred to ; and, therefore, it appears 

 that Phillips must have overlooked their difference from his South Petherwyn type. 



All the above-mentioned five specimens are sinistral, and evidently belong to 

 one species, but at the same time they show slight variations in the coarseness of 

 the ornament. The longitudinal lines are sometimes much closer than the spiral, 

 and sometimes equally distant. The spiral lines also seem to vary in number, 

 though apparently they are usually much fewer than those in PI. antitorquata, 

 Phillips. The intersections of the lines form nodes, so that the structure of the 

 shell is moniliferous. One of the Godwin-Austen specimens shows a curious 

 irregularity of growth ; the shell has apparently been fractured and mended 

 while alive, and hence a second set of spiral lines arise near the mouth at an acute 

 angle to the original ridges. 



Affinities. — This species so nearly approaches Scalaria antiqua, Minister 1 

 (referred by d'Orbigny to Turbo 2 ), as evidently to belong to the same genus, but 

 differs from it in being a much wider shell with a less compressed body-whorl and 

 aperture, in having its longitudinal lines oblique instead of perpendicular to the 

 spiral markings, and in its ornamentation being much coarser. Thus, if Minister's 

 figure is accurate, it cannot be regarded as the same species. 



It differs from Scoliostoma texatum, Phillips sp., in having no twisting of the 

 mouth, in being a much wider shell, and in having its ornamentation coarser and 

 reticulate instead of cancellate or decussate. 



VII. Family. — Solariid^;, Ghenu. 

 1. Genus. — Philoxene, Kayser, 1889. 



Shell spiral, discoid, or conical, of rather numerous volutions, rather loosely 

 coiled, so that the whorls hardly do more than touch at the suture. Suture 

 deep and wide. Umbilicus large, deep, and wide, perforating the spire almost to 

 the apex. Surface chiefly ornamented by growth-lines, but frequently bearing 

 rows of scars from the agglutination of shell-fragments or foreign bodies. Shell- 

 structure somewhat massive. 



This genus was established by Professor Kayser in consequence of his having 

 discovered marks of agglutinated shells upon some examples of Eiiomphalus lasvis, 

 d'Arch. and de Vern. He defines it as wanting the conical shape, sharp rim, and 

 concave base of Xenoplwra, Fischer von Waldheim, 1807 { = Phorus, Montfort, 



1 1839, Miinster, ' Beitr.,' pt. 1, p. 61, pi. xiii, fig. 1. 



2 1849, d'Orbigny, ' Prodrome,' p. 06. 



