﻿PHILOXENE. 239 



upper whorls, merged iu their lower sutures. It is probable that this position 

 was that which most required guarding or obscuring in shells of such a, 

 shape. The shell-structure is, however, so massive in this species (unlike that 

 of Xenophora agghdinans, Lamarck, of the Eocene, and recent forms) that the 

 foreign material could hardly have been attached for the purpose of strengthening 

 the shell itself, though it may have been of use in preserving the animal 

 from jars. 



Affinities. — The first described Devonian agglutinating shell, Phorus Bouchardii, 

 E. Deslongchamps, 1 from the Boulonnais, is very similar to the English species, 

 but not, I think, identical. Its size is much less than our larger specimens. 

 It is less massive, the suture is much less deep, so that it is much more trochi- 

 form in shape, and it bears a low spiral ridge or flattened band midway 

 down the whorl, which, however, is not the widest part, as it would have 

 been in the English species if it had existed there. Thus it differs specifically 

 from our form, but is generically very similar, the chief distinctions in that 

 point of view being its more trochiform shape and smaller umbilicus. Whether 

 these distinctions are sufficient may be questioned. If they are, it brings Kayser's 

 genus Philoxene much nearer to Xenophora. 



Onustus {Pseudophorus) antiquus, Meek, from the Devonian of America, does 

 not carry adherent particles upon its shell. 



2. Phtloxenb l.evis, d'Archiac and de Verneuil. PI. XXIII, figs. 18, 18 a, 19. 



1842. Euomphalus L.EVIS, d'Arch. and de Vern. Geol. Trans., ser. 2, vol. vi, 



pt. 2, p. 363, pi. xxxiii, 

 figs. 8, 8 a. 



1842. — planokbis, d'Arch. and de Vern. Ibid., p. 363, pi. xxxiii, 



figs. 7, 7 a. 

 1842-4. — de Koninck. Desc. Anim. Eoss., p. 434, pi. xxv, 



figs. 7 a, b. 



1843. — omalocephaltjs, d'Omal. Precis Eleiu. Geol., p. 517. 

 1S44. — planobbis, Goldfuss. Petref. Gerin., vol. iii, p. 82, pi. clxxxix, 



fig. 8. 

 1848. — — Bronn. Index Palseontologicus, p. 481. 



1853. — l^vis, Sandberger. Verst. Rhein. Nassau, p. 213, pi. xxv, 



figs. 6, 6 a, 6 b (not fig. 7). 

 1882. — — Holzapfel. Palaeontographica, vol. xxviii, p. 251. 



1884. — planobbis, Clarke. Neues Jahrb. f. Min., Beil.-Band iii, 



p. 359. 



1 1862, E. Deslongchamps, ' Bull. Soc. Lin. Norm.,' vol. vi, p. 151, pi. viii, figs. 1—4. 



