144 BRITISH CARBONIFEROUS BRACHIOPODA. 



of Derbyshire ; it occurs near Richmond and Thornton Wensleydale, in Yorkshire ; while 

 Addleburgh, Bolland, Eountainsfell, Ulverston, Aldstone Mcor, Hawes, Askrigg, Dentdale, 

 Rockeley, &c, are given by Professor Phillips as the localities in the carboniferous limestone 

 from whence his specimens were derived. It has also been found in the dark carbo- 

 niferous limestone of Lowick, Northumberland, as well as in the Isle of Man. In Scot- 

 land it characterises some of the lower stages of the carboniferous system, wherein 

 Brachiopoda have been found ; thus at Braidwood Gill, in Lanarkshire, it is found for the 

 first time at 397 fathoms below the horizon of the " Ell coal." In Stirlingshire it occurs 

 in the Mill-Burn beds, Campsie. In the island of Arran, and in red limestone at Closeburn, 

 in Dumfriesshire ; in Edinburgshire, at Joppa ; in Haddingtonshire, at Cat Craig, near 

 Dunbar ; in Peebleshire, at Carlops, &c. In Ireland, Mr. Kelly mentions that it occurs in 

 the carboniferous limestone of Cookstown, Millecent, Tankardstown, Tornaroan, Drum- 

 reagh Etra, Castle Espie, Armagh, Little Island, &c. On the Continent the species occurs 

 at Vise, Chokier and Temploux being, according to Professor de Koninck, the only localities 

 in Belgium where the shell has been found. It has been also obtained from several Russian 

 localities, such as Karova, Zerovskoi in the Oka of Mydynsk, on the Valdai, at Peredki, 

 in the basin of the Donetz, &c. In the Oural, at Kamensk and Bielobac in the river Isset, 

 &c. In Silesia it occurs at Altwasser, &c. In Carinthia, in the neighbourhood of 

 Bleiberg and Ratingen, and it has also been discovered at the top of Mount Misery, in 

 Bear Island, along with P. striatus and Punctatus? &c. 



Far. ? Hkmisph^ericus. PI. XL, figs. 4 — 9. 



Productus HEMisPHiERicus, James Sowerby. Min. Couch., tab. 328, Feb., 1822 (not 



tab. 561). 

 — — M'Coy. British Palaeozoic Fossils, p. 4G4, 1855. 



Shell hemispherical or transversely oval, hinge-line usually exceeding the width of 

 the shell. Ventral valve evenly convex, ears more or less semicylindrically enrolled, and 

 sloping more or less gradually into the gibbous body. Surface covered with numerous 

 small, rounded, radiating, contiguous striae, which increase in number by bifurcation as 

 well as by the occasional formation of new striae between those already existing. The 

 spines are very few on the body of the shell, but a close row of small curved ones line and 

 curve over the cardinal edge. Dorsal valve very concave, following the curves of the 

 opposite one, and similarly ornamented. A few obscure concentric wrinkles may be 

 observed, on the ears of certain specimens. Interior similar to that of P. gigantem 

 proper, dimensions variable. Two specimens have measured — 

 Length 17, width 26 lines. 

 » 15j >> *-i ,, 

 1 Further details -with reference to the foreign localities wherein this widely spread species has been 

 discovered, will be found in Professor de Koninck's very valuable ' Monographe du genre Productus,' 

 1847. 



