206 BRITISH CARBONIFEROUS BRACHIOPODA. 



and sculpture, although the Silurian Lingula granulata of Phillips approached nearest to it; 

 this last is, however, usually less elongated, and does not present those radiatory ridges 

 which are generally, but not always, observable in the Carboniferous species. 



In his work on ' British Pala30zoie Fossils,' Prof. M'Coy concludes his description 

 of L. squamiformis by stating that : ' the wide, short, oblong form of this species easily 

 distinguishes it from the others in the upper Palaeozoic rocks. The more elongated, narrow, 

 oblong species, well figured in Portlock's ' Geological Report,' tab. xxxii, fig. 5, under this 

 name, might be called L. Portlocki (M'Coy). Its proportional width is only 55-100th. 

 in the long, and 60-100th in the short valve." But specimens connecting the narrow and 

 the wider varieties are so numerous that I could not admit the two extremes as distinct 

 species, besides which, Phillips's original example is perfectly similar to many of the 

 Scottish examples of the species, although not very correctly figured in the ' Geology of 

 Yorkshire,' and from which circumstance may have led some to doubt the identity. 

 Phillips's specimen (fig. 1 of my plate), which may be seen in the British Museum, con- 

 sists of a shell and counterpart, or rather the shell is equally divided between the two 

 sides of a split nodule, so that neither of them show the true structure. When the shell is 

 removed the matrix shows regular, concentric strise, similar to those above described, but 

 elsewhere only fractured lines of lamina? and radiating strise. The nodule is black, and 

 the shell dark and pyritous. L. squamiformis has sometimes attained comparatively large 

 dimensions ; thus, in a coaly shale intercalated between bands of ironstone at one mile to 

 the north of Glasgow millions of specimens may be seen in a crushed or distorted con- 

 dition, but of which some examples, when perfect, measured about one inch and a half in 

 length. Mr. Rodwell discovered also a specimen one inch two lines in length in a shale 

 at about a mile to the east of Bally Castle (on the north coast of Antrim), but the shell does 

 not usually attain such large proportions. In England it is stated by Prof. Phillips to 

 occur at Bolland ; it is found also at Lemmington, Northumberland. In Scotland it occurs 

 at Raes Gill, at 341 fathoms below "Ell Coal," 343 at Hall Craig, 317 at Braidwood 

 Gill, 354 at Langshaw Burn ; it is found also at Hall Hill, near Lesmahago ; in Ren- 

 frewshire at Orchard Quarry, Thornliebank ; in Dumbartonshire at Netherwood, near 

 Castlecary ; in Stirlingshire in the Mill Burn beds, Campsie main limestone and Corrie- 

 burn beds. It is also found at Bishopsbriggs, three miles north of Glasgow ; in Had- 

 dingtonshire at Cat Craig, near Dunbar ; in Edinburghshire at Wardie (Western Break- 

 water, Granton) ; and occurs also in Eifeshire and the Berwickshire coast. In Ireland it 

 it has been found to the east of Bally Castle (north coast of Antrim), Learn, Fermanagh, 

 Enniskillen (in shale), &c. 



