BRITISH DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODA. 5 



impressions and casts, much distorted and compressed, so that it is not possible in most 

 cases to arrive at a satisfactory identification. I thought I could, however, recognise 

 amongst them Spirifera lavicosta, Mhijnchonella Pen^elliana, Leptana Looiensis, Orthis 

 hvpparionyx, a small circular species of the same genus, somewhat similar in shape to 

 0. arcuata, and Chonetes Hardrensis. 



It is from the Middle Devonian, however, and especially from the neighbourhood of 

 Torquay, that most of the new forms 1 am about to describe were derived ; and I am 

 indebted to Mr. G. F. Whidborne for the following details in connection with the 

 important localities of Hope's Nose/ Lummaton, and other places. 



" Immediately west of the extreme point of Hope's Nose is a quarry which gives the 

 following section : 



"1. About twelve feet of solid, pale grey, thick-bedded limestones, almost entirely 

 composed of indistinct Sponge-like growths (Stromatopora, &c,), and containing numerous 

 Corals and joints of Encrinites. The bedding is fairly regular, but very indistinct; and 

 similar limestone forms the floor of the quarry. 



"2. Eight or ten thin bands of darker limestone with fragments of Encrinites, but 

 without Sponges. These are evenly bedded in general, but some of the top beds thin 

 out suddenly, and the upper surface is for some distance coincident with a fault which 

 dips inwards from the quarry. 



"3. An extremely irregular lenticular bed of solid limestone, rendered paler than 

 those below by numerous capillary veins of calcareous spar. 



" In these lower beds the fossils are almost entirely Sponges, Corals, and Encrinites, 

 with no Mollusca. The line of their junction with the bed above is so sharp and 

 tortuous as, from a general view, to give the appearance of a water-worn surface, which 

 impression, however, a close examination does not confirm. 



" 4. Numerous thin and very lenticular beds of dull yellow sandy shales and dark 

 limestone bands, containing Chonetes Hardrensis and C. mimda, Productus subaculeatus, 

 with spines half an inch in length, Orthis striatula, Kayseria lens, Atrypa desquamata, 

 Rhynchonella cuhoides, Streptorhynchus umbraculum, and two or three kinds of Spirifera, 

 also Trilobites, Cyathophyllum, Eenestella, &c. These become harder and more evenly 

 bedded along the east face of the cliff. 



" 5. About 100 yards to the south of the quarry this last division is capped by much 

 yellower, softer, and more sandy shales, containing Bifida lepida in great abundance, 

 and most of the Brachiopods and other fossils quoted from the locality, with Orthoceras, 

 Trilobites, Gasteropods, Fenestella, &c. 



" The list of the Brachiopods from the Hope's Nose locality will be found further on 



" These upper beds appear to have a dip different from that of those below, but this 

 is really only cleavage, which is very finely shown, and is inclined at an angle of about 



^ Hope's Nose is the northern horn of Torbay. Meadfoot Bay is adjacent to Torquay, and lies 

 between it and Hope's Nose ; here the fossils occur in gritty slates. 



