TURBONILLA LACTEA. 559 



1874—76. PijramldeUa j>Iicosa, Segueuza, Boll. E. Com. Geol. Ital, vol. v, p. 282, no. 113, 1874; 



vol. vii, p. 94, no. 580, 1876. 

 1878. ObdiscuspUcosus, de Stefani e Pantinelli, Bull. Soc. Malac. Ital., vol. iv, p. 152. 

 1881. Pyramidella jilicosa, Nyst, Conch. Terr. tert. Belg., p. 71, pi. vi, fig. 1. 

 1890. Pyramidella plicosa, C. Reid, Plioc. Dep. Brit., p. 254. 



1892. Py ram id elJ a plicosa, var. hwi/fsciila, Sacco, Moll. Terr. Terz. Piem., pt. xi, p. 28. 

 1896. Pyramidella plicosa, Bernays, Bull. Soc. Beige Gc'oL, vol. x (Memoires), p. 128. 

 1903. Pyramidella l^viuscnla, Johnson, Geol. Mag. [4], vol. x, p. 26. 

 1912. Pyramidella plicosa, Tesch, Med. v. d. Rijks. v. Delfstoffeu, no. 4, p. 74, no. 173. 

 1915. Pyramidella plicosa, R. B. Newton, Jouru. of Conch., vol. xv, p. 71. 



Specific C/iaractcrs. — Shell solid, eloiigato-turriculate; Avhorls about 9, flattened, 

 smooth ; spire conical, regularly tapering, with an obtuse apex ; suture well- 

 marked, subcanaliculate ; mouth subovate; outer lip sharp, distinctly toothed 

 within ; columella straight, with three folds, the upper one much the strongest. 



Dimensions. — L. 7 mm. B. 2"5 mm. 



Distribution. — Not known living. 



Fossil: Lenham. St. Erth. Coralline Crag : Gedgrave, Sutton, 

 Boyton. Waltonian : Walton-on-Naze, Beaumont, Little Oakley. Newbournian : 

 Newbourn. 



Bolderien, Casterlien {zone a Isocardia cor), Scaldisien, Poederlien : Belgium. 



Scaldisien : Holland. 



Pliocene : Biot. Italy — Piedmont, Piacenziano, Astiano, Bologna, Livorno, 

 Orciano, Siena, Val d'Era ; Sicily — Alta villa, Caltabiano. 



Pleistocene : Sicily — Naso. 



Remarlcs. — This species is recorded in Belgium as a fossil, ranging from the 

 Miocene (Bolderien) deposits of Antwerp to the Poederlien, and in our own country 

 from Lenham and St. Erth to Newbourn. It is very common in the Coralline 

 Crag, fairly so in the \Yaltonian of Walton and Oakley, dying out and disappearing 

 at the later horizons. 



It was originally described by Wood in 1842 as distinct under the name here 

 adopted. Although Jeffreys referred it in 1871 to a Miocene species, P. unisulcata 

 {unipllcata, Jeffr.) of Dujardin, which he identified also with P. plicosn of Bronn, 

 Wood continued, in 1872, to hold to his original specific name of Icevinsrula. Prof. 

 Sacco, moreover, expressed an opinion in 1892 (op. cit.) that the English fossil was 

 a distinct form, proposing it should be called P. plicosa var. Lvvinsoda. As the 

 matter is doubtful I retain Wood's name for the Crag shell. 



Genus TURBONILLA, Risso, 1826. 

 Turbonilla lactea (Linne). Plate XLIX, figs. 17, 18. 



1758. Turbo lacteus, Linnc, Syst. Nat., ed. x, p. 765, no. 551. 



1803—8. Turbo elegantissimus. Montagu, Test. Brit., pt. i, p. 298, pi. x, fig. 2, 1803 ; Suppl., p. 124 



1808. 



