130 OANOID FISHES OF THE CARBONIFEROUS FORMATION. 



Obscrvalioiis. — I luul afttT ('nrci'iil coiisidcralioii coiiio to the conclusion that my R/i. 

 Icpturus {w\\\ Bnintisland (' Froc. Roy. Soc. Edinb.,' vol. i\, 1877, p. 137) ^vas only a 

 vomiir and ininorfcctlv preserved snecinicn o[ Ti/i. urj/a//s6-i/////,s, and accordiimlv in 1890 

 I cancelled the species (ibid., vol. xvii, p. 397). In reality there is no more distinct 

 and easily recognised species in the whole family of Palreoniscidae, and as I have already 

 remarked, its |)osition as the type of a distinct and extensive genus is unmistakable. 



Geolo(/ical Position and Localities. — Only in the Lower Carboniferous Rocks of the 

 central valley of Scotland, in which, however, its vertical range is very extensive. 



Calciferous Sandstone Series : in ironstone nodules washed out of the shales at 

 Wardie Heacli ; in shale exposed in the Water of Leith, near Slateford, and near Juniper 

 Green; at Lochend, near Edinburgh. In the Burdiehouse Limestone at Burdiehouse, 

 and at South Queensferry. Abundant in nodules in the "roof" of the " Dunnet " 

 Shale formerly worked at Straiton and Old Pentland ; sparingly found in the shale itself. 

 In West Lothian, in the " Dunnet " Shale, near Broxburn. In Fifeshire at Burntisland, 

 and at Kiness Burn, near St. Andrews. In East Lothian, near Gullane. 



Lower Limestone Series : East Kilbride, Lanarkshire. Specimen formeily in the 

 Hunter Collection, Kilmarnock Museum. 



lulge Coal Series : in the Borough Lee Ironstone, Loanhead, near Edinburgh ; also 

 in the roof-shale of the " Flex " Coal, worked at the same locality, but very rare. 



2. Rhadinichtuys carinatus, Ayassiz, sj). Plate XXIX, figs, 1 — 0. 



Pal^oniscus carinatus, Af/asslz. Poiss. Foss., vol. ii, pt. i, 1835, p. 104, pi. iv c, 



figs. 1—2. 



RiiADiNiCHTHYS Gkikifi, Traqnah'. Proc. Eoy. Soc. Edinb., vol. ix, 1877, p. 438 



i^non Trans. Roy. Soc. Eilinb., vol. xxx, 

 1881, p. 25, p]. ii, figs. 1— .5). 



— CARiHATls, Troquair. Ibid., ]). 441 ; also in Quart. Journ. 



Geo]. Soc, vol. xxxiii, 1877, p. 559, 

 and in Proc. Hoy. Soc. Edinb., vol. 

 xvii, 1890, pp. 391 and 397. 



— TENUICAUDA, TroqiKiir. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb., vol. i.v, 1S77, 



p. 443. 



— CAHiNATVS, ^. (S. Woodward. Cat. Toss. Fishes Biit. Miis., pt. 



ii, 1891, p. 463. 



— TKNUiCAUUA, A. S. Woodwavd. Ibid., p. 4(J6. 



Specif c Characters. — Form elegant and slender; the length of the head contained 

 somewhat over five times in the total, and ((pud or thereabout to the greatest depth of 

 the body at the ventral fins. Cranial bones finely striated. Scales rather large on the 

 flank, usually smooth, with a few [)unctuies, and having the posterior border sharply 

 denticulated with from seven to eleven points; in some cases the notches between the 



