154 GANOID FISIIKS OF TUF CARBONIFEROUS FORMATION. 



cases, also, a kw of the ridges of the upper half near the antero-su[)erior angle of the 

 scale likewise impinge upon the diagonal, consequently meeting those of the lower half 

 at acute angles. 



The pectoral fin is well shown in the specimen figured (PI. XXXIV, fig. 1), in which 

 it measures rather more than an inch in length. It is of considerable expanse, and 

 consists of at least thirty rays, of which the stronger ones, namely the first fifteen 

 counting from the lateral margin, are unarticulated till towards tlieir terminations, 

 where bifurcation sets in. Tlie ventrals are not shown, A portion of the dorsal is seen 

 arising op})osite the anterior part of the anal ; its rays are rather delicate with distant 

 articulations. The anal is seen to be of large size and of triangular acuminate form. 

 Its base is l-^-j inch in extent and its long anterior rays seem to have exceeded that 

 length, though they are cut off' at the a})ex ; the fiiu is, moreover, badly preserved aiul 

 its anterior margin somewhat distorted and injured. The origin of the lower lobe of 

 the caudal is also shown, consisting of exceedingly closely set, deeply imbricating rays, 

 of wjiich I count at least forty up to where they begin to pass into those of the uj)per 

 lobe, but here the tail is unfortunately truncated by the edge of the nodule. It is 

 likewise to be noted that the distance between the end of the base of the anal fin and 

 the commencement of the caudal is, as in several other species of the genus, somewhat 

 extended. 



Observations. — This species is most distinctly marked off from all those we 

 have considered as yet, by the sculpture of the scales and the large size of the fins. The 

 next species, Rh. foriuosus, displays, however, a somewhat similar scale-ornament, but 

 the distance between the anal fin and the commencement of the lower lobe of the 

 caudal is proportionately shorter. 



Geological Position and Locality. — In ironstone nodules from the shales of Wardie, 

 near Edinburgh, belonging to the Calciferous Sandstone Series; rare. 



15. Rhadinichthys fokmosus, Traquair. Plate XXXIV, figs. 3 — 6. 



Rhadinichthts foumosus, Traquair. Summary of Progress, Geol. Surv. for 1903 



(1901), p. 122. 

 — — Traquair. Trans. Eoy. Soc. Ediiib., vol. xlvi, pt. i. No. 



4, 1907, p. 109, pi. i, fig. 6, pi. ii, figs. 

 6-8. 



8'})ecific Characters. — Attaining an estimated length of about o\ inches; shape 

 somewhat deeply fusiform ; scales highly ornate, the sculpture of a flank-scale consisting 

 of sharp ridges, which, on the postero-superior part of the scale, run obliquely 

 downwards and backwards across the surface, while on the antero-inferior part they 

 run parallel with the anterior and inferior margins : posterior margin denticulated ; 



