158 GAKOIL) FISHES OF THE CARBONU^'EROUS FORMATION. 



jire similar in cliariicter to those of the dorsal and anal. Well-developed fidcra are 

 seen in connection with the anterior uiargins of the fins wherever these margins are pre- 

 served. 



The specimen represented in PL XXXV, fig. 1 of the present work, gives, however, 

 a better view of the fins than the above-described example. The head and anterior 

 part of the body are crushed and shortened up — tiie head, indeed, being in a state of 

 hopeless mash — but the right pectoral fin, with its rays unarticulated till towards their 

 terminations, is rather well show^n. The ventral is not seen, but the respective contours 

 of the dorsal, anal, and caudal are clearly exbibited, as well as the great strength of the 

 caudal body-prolongation. 



Observations. — I have referred this beautiful Palseoniscid to Bhadiniclitliys on 

 account of the structure of the pectoral and the relative position of the dorsal and 

 anal fins, although the caudal body-prolongation is more powerfully developed than in 

 the more typical members of the genus, such as Bh. ornatissimus, Bh. carinatus, etc. 

 As regards its specific determination, the peculiar ridged, tubercular scale-ornament and 

 non-denticulated scales, together with the largely developed caudal body-prolongation, 

 are characters which collectively distinguish it from all other known species. 



Geological Position and Localltij. — From the fish-beds of Calciferous Sandstone age 

 near Glencartholm, Eskdale. 



17. Rhadinichthys fusiformis, Traquair. Plate XXXV, figs. 4 — 9. 



KHADi>'iGiiTnTS (P) rusiFOEMis, Tra'^tair. Trans. Eoy. Soc. Ediiib., vol. xxx, 



1881, p. 31, pi. iv. figs. 1—3. 

 — — A. 8. Woodward. Cat. Toss. Fishes Brit. 



Mus., pt. ii, 1891, p. 

 4G9. 



Specific Characters. — Attaining a length of over .5 inches ; shape fusiform ; length 

 of head equal to the greatest depth of the body and contained nearly 4^ times in the 

 total; dorsal fin placed far back so as to be nearly opposite the anal; distance between 

 the anal fin and the commencement of the lower lobe of the caudal less than the length 

 of the base of the anal ; caudal body-prolongation well developed. For the sculpture of 

 the scales, see under "Description." 



Description. — The head is typically Palaeoniscoid in structure, with oblique suspen- 

 sorium, wide gape, ethmoidal prominence, and anteriorly-placed orbit. The cranial 

 roof-bones are ornamented with closely set, irregularly contorted rugse, whicli, frequently 

 interrupted, pass at times into tubercles. The operculum is oblong, the suboperculuni, 

 as usual, short and quadrate ; these plates are in all cases ill-preserved so that little can 

 be said of their external sculpture, save that it seems to be of a striated character. The 



