346 CARBONIFEROUS LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 



Astarte, de Ryckholt, 1853. Melanges paleontol., 2rae partie, p. 111. 



Venus (?), Morris, 1854. Cat. Brit. Foss., 2nd edit., p. 231. 



Ctpricardella, Hall, 1856. Trans. Albany Inst., vol. iv, p. 17. 



Astartella, Hall, 1858. Geol. Rep. Iowa, p. 715. 



Ctpricardia, Armstrong, 18(34-5. Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow, vol. ii, pt. 1, p. 28. 



— Young and Armstrong, 1871. Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow, vol. iii, 



Supplement, p. 50. 



— Young, Armstrong , and Robertson, 1876. Cat. West Scottish Foss., 



p. 53. 

 Eodon, Hall, 1877. Am. Pal. Foss., 1st edit., p. 244. 

 Ctpricardia, Bigsby, 1878. Thesaurus Devonico-Carboniferus, p. 305. 

 Ctpricardella, Bigsby, 1878. Ibid., p. 304. 

 Astartella, Bigsby, 1878. Ibid., p. 298. 

 Microdonella, (Ehlert, 1881. 



Ctpricardella, Whitfield, 1882. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. i, No. 3, p. 63. 

 — de Koninck, 1885. Ann. Mus. Boy. d'Hist. Nat. Beige, torn, xi, 



p. 91. 

 ? Edmondia (pars), de Koninck, 1885. Ibid., p. 43. 

 Microdon (Ctpricardella), Hall, 1885. Nat. Hist. N. York Palseontol., vol. v, 



pt. 1, Lainell., ii, p. xxv. 

 Ctpricardella, Fischer, 1887. Man. de Conchyliologie, p. 1020. 

 Sanguinolites (pars), de Koninck, 1888. Ibid., p. 64. 

 Ctpricardia, JEtheridge, 1888. Brit. Foss., pt. Palaeozoic, p. 282. 



— Miller, 1889. N. Amer. Geol. and Pal., p. 474. 

 Ctpkicardella, Beushausen, 1889. Jahrbuch d. Konigl. Geol. Landesanstalt, 



S. 226. 

 (Ehlert, 1889. Unterdevon. Zeitschrift a. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., 

 Bd. xli, p. 213. 

 Astartella, Miller, 1889. N. Amer. Geol. and Pal., p. 463. 



— Keyes, 1894. Missouri Geol. Surv., vol. v, p. 125. 

 Goodchild, 1894. Proc. Boy. Phys. Soe. Edin., vol. xii, p. 356. 



Ctpricardella, Beushausen, 1895. Abl. Konigl. Preuss. Geol. Landesanstalt, 



Heft 17, p. 134. 



Generic Characters. — Shell ovate, subquadrate, compressed, with a truncated 

 posterior end and oblique ridge. Lunule and escutcheon large, the outer edge 

 of the latter strongly everted. Shell ornamented with concentric ridges or striae 

 of growth. 



Interior. — Hinge with one or two cardinal teeth in each valve, and a long 

 lamellar anterior and posterior lateral teeth. Pallial line entire, internal surface 

 of lower margin often crenulated, shell moderately thick. 



Observations. — The genus Gypricardella was founded in 1856 by Hall for shells 

 which have been shown to be identical with Microdon of Conrad. The latter 

 name, however, had been used by Agassiz for a genus of fishes, and, as de 

 Koninck poiuts out, by Meigen for a genus of Diptera in 1803, and consequently 



