CARYCHIUM OVATIJM. 25 



Fossil: Icenian Crag: Braraerton. Pleistocene and Holocene 

 deposits of England, including Woodston, Barnwell, Grantchester, Hitcliin, 

 Kirmington, Barry Docks, Newquay. Ireland: Portrush, Newliall Caves. Loess 

 of the Rliineland. 



Bemarlis. — This species is given from Branierton by Jeffreys in the list 

 accompanying Prestwich's paper {loc. cit.) ; it has been rejected as a Crag fossil by 

 Messrs. Kennard and B. B. Woodward on the ground that the specimen cannot noAV 

 be traced, but Mr. A. Bell, who found it, informs me that he has little doubt but 

 that it was correctly identified. 



It has been suggested that the Crag shell may have been the Runton species, 

 G. ocatum, described below. 



Showing one of the specimens from that place to Mr. Bell, however, he said 

 it was new to him, and to the best of his belief so unlike the one he found at 

 Bramerton that even if his brother and he had considered it a variety of that 

 species, they could hardly have failed to notice the difference between them. 



Under the circumstances, I have figured both ; possibly another specimen from 

 the Crag may turn up hereafter. Meanwhile I include C. minimum in my list of 

 Crag shells on Mr. Bell's authority. 



G. minimum was regarded by Jeffreys and some other conchologists as prac- 

 tically identical with the American form G. exiguum, and as one of thecircumpolar 

 species. 



Carychium ovatum, Sandberger. Plate I, fig. 11. 



1880. Carychium ovatum, Sandberger, Palseontogr., vol. xxvii, p. 101, pi. xii, fig-. 12. 

 1890. Carychium minimum, C. Reid (part), Plioc. Dep. Brit., p. 228. 



Specific Gharacters. — Shell minute, fragile, ovate ; apex obtuse, mamniillate ; 

 whorls 5, moderately convex, smooth, the last more than half the total length ; 

 suture distinct ; mouth ear-shaped, somewhat oblique ; peristome having a wide 

 and continuous margin, with two distinct projecting teeth on the inner side and 

 one on the outer; umbilical chink closed. 



Dimensions. — L. 1*85 mm. B. 0'85 mm. 



Distribution. — Not known living. 



Fossil : Freshwater bed. West Runton (not rare). 



RemarJiS. — In 1890 Mr. C. Reid suggested that this shell is identical with G. 

 minimum. Messrs. Kennard and B. B. Woodward, however, agree with Prof. 

 Sandberger in considering it distinct. The latter states that its nearest affinities 

 are with G. pacJii/cliilus from the Pliocene of Hauterive. 



