40 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



1884. Corbicula fluminalis, DoUfus, Mem. Soc. Malac. Belg., vol. xix, p. 48, pi. i, figs. 1-27, pi. ii, 



figs. 1-27. 

 1890. Corbicula fluminalis, C. Reid, Plioc. Dep. Brit., p. 230, pi. v, fig. 12. 



1896. Corbicula fluininalis , Stefanescu, Mem. Soc. Geol. France, vol. vi, p. 79, pi. vii, figs. 35-39. 

 1897-1901. Corbicula fluminalis, Keuuard and B. B. Woodward, Essex Nat., vol. x, pp. 96 et seq., 



1897; Proc. Malac. Soc, vol. iii, p. 201, 1899; Proc. Geol. Assoc, vol. xvii, pp. 238 et seq., fig. 37 



(p. 252), 1901. 

 1900-10. Corbicula fluminalis, Rutot, Bull. Soc Belg. Geol., vol. xiv (Memoire.s), p. 1, 1900; Bull. 



Acad. Roy. Sci. Belg., 1910, p. 164. 



Specific Characters. — See Mon. Crag Moll., pt. ii, p. 104. 



Dimensions. — L. 20 mm. B. 20 mm. 



Distrihutioii. — Recent: the Nile, Suez Canal, Algeria (Dollfns), A.sia Minor, 

 Euphrates (Niebuhr), Lebanon (Bellardi), Georgia and Persia (Eichwald), Kashmir, 

 Turkestan; South Africa, Vaal River (A. Bell). 



Fossil : Newbournian Crag : Waldringfield (A. Bell). Icenian — 

 Norwich zone: Bramerton, Postwick, Aldeby, Yarn Hill, AVangford, Dunwich, 

 Bulchamp, Thorpe near Aldeburgh. Weyhourne zone : Belaugh, East Eunton, North 

 Walsham boring. Pleistocene: March, Chatteris (F.W.H.), Barnwell, Kelsey Hill, 

 Croxton, Paul Cliff near Hull, Stutton, Clacton, Ilford, Grays, Crayford, Erith, 

 Stoke Newington, Dartford (Spurrell), Swanscombe, Wear Farm, Sturry (Kent), 

 West Wittering, Selsey, Cropthorne. 



Pleistocene : France — Menchecourt near Abbeville (Somme), Cergy (Seine et 

 Oise), Vitry-le-Francais (Marne), Bligny near Dijon, Cote d'Or. Germany — 

 Bromberg, Teutschenthall near Halle (Saxou}^). Italy — Valley of the Tiber near 

 Rome (with hippopotamus). Sicily — Cefali, near Catania. Belgium — Ostend, 

 Blankenberghe, Hopstade near Malines. Roumania. South Russia — Omsk with 

 Elephas primigenius (Dollfns). Algeria — near Oran. It has also been dredged 

 from the North Sea, and speaking generally has a wide distribution in Pleistocene 

 deposits, associated with Belgrandiamarginata and remains of the hippopotamus. 



Bemarhs. — Examples of this species, not known to be living nearer than Algeria 

 and the Nile, have been met with in the Red Crag of Waldringfield ; at the Norwich 

 horizon of the Icenian deposits it occurs rather generally, but is always rare. Many 

 years ago I found a specimen in the Tellina, haWiica, Crag of Belaugh, near Wrox- 

 ham, at a section now closed, as, alas, are all the inland exposures of that zone. It 

 has been recorded also from the freshwater deposits of the so-called Forest-bed. In 

 the English Pleistocene it is found in many places, and sometimes in great abun- 

 dance. Prestwich states, for example, that at Kelsey Hill " it occurs literally in 

 thousands,"! and Wood makes a somewhat similar remark as to Stutton and 

 Ilford ; at Barnwell, near Cambridge, it is abundant. 



It occurs with Elephas anti([uns in France and Belgium in deposits which M. 

 Rutot and some other Belgian geologists regard as Moseen, the oldest member of 



' Quart. Jom-n. Geol. Soc, vol. xvii, p. 452, 1861. 



