98 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



Dimensions. — L. 35 — 42 ram. B. 18 — 2-i mm. 



Dlstrihtdion. — Recent : Finmark, Spitzbergen, Iceland, Greenland, Atlantic 

 shores of Northern America, Behring Sea (G. 0. Sars). 



Fossil : Waltonian Crag : Little Oakley. Newbournian. But- 

 leyan : Hollesley, Butley. Icenian. Pleistocene deposits : Bridlington, Scotland, 

 Ireland. 



Pleistocene : Norway. 



RemarJcs. — In the first Supplement to his Monograph on the Crag Mollusca, 

 tab. ii, fig. 2, S. V. Wood figured a shell for ^vhich he adoped the name Buccinum 

 undatum, var. grmnlandicum. It is of the vndattim type, and is possibly a variety 

 of that species, but it does not agree with those figured by Prof. G. O. Sars or 

 Br^gger as B. granilandicum, nor with Recent specimens in my collection. I have 

 figured a unique example from Oakley, however, and another from Bramerton, 

 which correspond with them exactly. They are smaller, less tumid, and more 

 delicate than Wood's shell ; the longitudinal plications are not so prominent, and 

 the tranverse sculpture is different. They differ widely, moreover, from the many 

 specimens of B. undatum or its recognised varieties which I have obtained from 

 the Crag, or are to be found in our public collections, and have generally a special 

 character by which this species may be easily distinguished. 



The Buccinum grmnlandicum of Scandinavian conchologists is a character- 

 istically northern form which, in Europe at least, is not now found to the south of 

 the Arctic Circle. It was among the early arrivals of the northern shells in the 

 Crag basin, however, and had established itself there more or less abundantly at 

 the Butleyan stage. It is not uncommon at the latter horizon ; I have found it at 

 Butley ^ and Hollesley, while Mr. Alfred Bell reports it from the Newbournian and 

 Icenian Crags. Our fossils approach the var. Kohelti of Dautzenberg. 



Var. connectens, nov. Plate VIII, fig. 12. 



Beinarks, — The shell figured under this name was found at Butley ; it resembles 

 B. groenlandicum in its spiral sculpture but B. undatum in its form and its more 

 prominent longitudinal plications. Dr. Sparre Schneider, of Tromso, considers it 

 to be a hybrid between these two species. The suggestion of hybridisation as an 

 explanation of some of these intermediate foi-ms is an interesting one. 



Var. patula, G. 0. Sars. Plate X, fig. 9. 



1878. Buccinum grdiilandicnm, var. patula, Gr. O. Sars, Moll. Eeg. Arct. Norv., p. 260, pi. xxv, fig. 2. 

 1883. Buccinum grcenlandictim, var. pahda, Kobelt, Martini und Chemnitz, Conch. Cab., ed. 2, vol. iii 

 (Buccinum), p. 90, pi. xcii, figs. 8, 9 ; pi. xciii, fig. 13. 



1 There are a fair number of typical specimens of B. groenlandicum from Butley in the Wood 

 collection at tlie Norwich Museum. 



